Home Blog Page 144

30 Innovative Solutions Show Path to Renewable-Powered Future

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Recently, IRENA has published the full series of 30 Innovation Briefs under its Innovation Landscape report. It is the most comprehensive analysis available on innovation priorities that policymakers must address to successfully decarbonise the electricity systems with renewables and push for innovative renewables solutions in a COVID-19 recovery stimulus. With the new briefs on innovations in system operation and business models published, the full series of briefs analyzing innovations in the four dimensions of the power system (enabling technologies, business models, market design and system operation) is now completed.

Innovation is a key driver for the energy transformation. Innovative solutions can make the energy production, transmission and consumption more flexible, allowing for a higher, cost-effective use of renewables and empowering a new generation of energy consumers. Electrification, decentralisation and digitalization are leading innovation trends that are changing paradigms, unlocking system flexibility for more renewables, changing roles and responsibilities and opening doors to new entrants in the sector.

The power sector has led the way with rapid cost reductions in key renewable energy technologies. Today, renewables accounts for one third of total global power generation, with a substantial growth in variable renewable energy (VRE) like wind and solar PV. However, achieving Paris Agreement climate objectives would require two thirds of global power demand based on renewables by 2050. Globally, the share of electricity consumed in end-use sectors such as industry, transport and buildings would need to double from around a quarter today to almost 50% by mid-century. Wind and solar generation would need to increase from 10% today to 60% over the same period.

While IRENA’s Innovation Landscape provides a first-of-its-kind toolbox of solutions for policy makers and guidance on how to apply them system-wide in a coherent and mutually-reinforcing way, “Innovation Briefs” give insights how individual innovations increase flexibility in the system based on the latest experiences in piloting those from front runner countries around the globe.

Innovations are emerging across four key dimensions of the world’s power systems:

Enabling Technologies: Technologies that play a key role in facilitating the integration of renewable energy for example batteries, EV charging, blockchain, Internet of Things and AI and big data.

Business models: Innovative models that create the business case for new services, enhancing the system’s flexibility and incentivising further integration of renewable energy technologies for example energy-as-a-service, peer-to-peer trading and pay-as-you-go models.

Market design: New market structures and changes in the regulatory framework to encourage flexibility and value services needed in a renewable-based power energy system, stimulating new business opportunities for example time-of-use tariffs and net billing.

System operation: Innovative ways of operating the electricity system, allowing the integration of higher shares of variable renewable power generation for example advanced weather forecast, dynamic line rating and virtual power lines.

See also a digital story on Innovation: A Game Changer for Power System Flexibility

Source: IRENA

More Conservation Efforts Critical to Save the Vaquita – World’s Smallest Marine Mammal

Photo: UNEP

While optimism can be in short supply when it comes to wildlife conservation, the spotting of three vaquita calves in October 2019 in the Upper Gulf of California in Mexico was a particularly exciting moment.

Photo: UNEP

A glimmer of hope in the struggle to save the world’s smallest marine mammal, that is careening towards extinction. The calves survival will be the make or break for the species, whose number stands no more than 22, according to the International Committee for the Recovery of the Vaquita (CIRVA).

Vaquita, named after the Spanish for ‘little cow’, lives in the shallow waters in the Sea of Cortez off Mexico’s northwest coast. Grayish in colour, with delicate features and dark marks around their eyes and mouth, they are the smallest of the cetaceans family that includes whalesdolphins, and porpoises. They feed on small fish, shrimp, squid and octopuses.

Although the vaquita has only been known to science since 1958, it’s numbers have declined by more than 90 per cent in the last two decades, largely due to illegal fishing for another endangered species that shares its habitat –  the totoaba, prized for its swim bladders. Vaquita drown when they get trapped in gillnets (large vertical nets) used to catch the totoaba and die from asphyxiation, unable to surface for air.

A report by the 2020 International Whaling Commission indicates that vaquita conservation is possible if “there is a rigorous, concerted enforcement effort to prevent illegal fishing and the use of gillnets throughout the vaquita’s range.”

UNEP Mexico’s Representative Officer, Dolores Barrientos said: “We have been tracking the progress which is dependent upon the enforcement against illegal fishing practices in the one area in Mexico that it inhabits.”

Several conservation efforts are under way to rescue the vaquita. These include: the adoption of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Decisions 18.292 to 18.295 on Totoaba, which include considerations on the illegal trade in Totoaba and its implications for the vaquita.

The Mexican government, in addition to creating the International Committee for the Recovery of the Vaquita (CIRVA), outlawed use of gillnets in 2017, banned nighttime fishing and required vessels that operate in the protected zone to pass through monitored entry and exit points.

To learn more about vaquitas please see here.

Source: UNEP

Indian Railways Accelerates Toward a Solar Future With New Tenders

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Jehu Christian)

Indian Railways has taken some significant measures over the last few weeks that will cement its place as one of the single largest clean energy users in India. These steps include the issuance of tenders for large-scale solar power projects and the commissioning of a first-of-its-kind project to use solar power for trains’ traction systems.  

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Jehu Christian)

These measures are part of Indian Railways’ long-term sustainability goals. According to a 2017 study, Indian Railways has a potential to set up 5 gigawatts of solar power capacity, which will be sufficient to meet all its power demand in the coming years.

World’s First Solar Project to Power Traction System

India’s minister for railways recently announced that Indian Railways has commissioned a 1.7-megawatt solar power project. Power generated from this project will be supplied to trains’ traction system. This project is the first of its kind in the world, Indian Railways has claimed. The project is located in Madhya Pradesh and was commissioned by a public sector company, BHEL.

According to Indian Railways, the project is expected to generate 2.5 million kilowatt hours of electricity every year, resulting in annual savings of around $180,000.

Gigawatt-Scale Plans to Power Trains

The 1.7-megawatt project has been implemented on an experimental basis and will form the foundation for gigawatt-scale solar-powered train operations. Railways Energy Management Company Limited (REMCL) has been assigned the responsibility to set up 3 gigawatts of solar power projects across the country to ensure solar power supply to Indian Railways’ vast network.

These large-scale solar power projects will be commissioned over the unused land that Indian Railways owns across the country.

Solar/Wind Hybrid Tenders

Last year, REMCL issued two tenders to procure 140 megawatts and 109 megawatts of solar and wind power. These projects will be spread across multiple states. The Railways has put more emphasis on wind power capacity in these tenders, possibly to ensure the round-the-clock supply power necessary to operate trains.

Solar Power Tenders

In June, REMCL issued a 400-megawatt solar power tender. This capacity will be distributed across six states. Three of these six states do not have any significant solar power capacity operational. Project developers are mandated to use Indian-made solar cells and modules for these projects.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Earlier this month, another tender was issued by REMCL with a capacity of 1,000 megawatts. Again, developers will be required to use only Indian-made solar cells and modules. Developers will supply power at a fixed rate for 25 years.

Rooftop Solar Power

Indian Railways has an ambitious target with respect to rooftop solar power as well. In February 2017, the government announced plans to install rooftop solar power systems at 7,000 railway stations.

Apart from using renewable energy to power traction systems, Indian Railways also utilizes solar power for non-traction systems, such as lighting and cooling systems in coaches. In 2017, Railways announced plans to install solar panels atop 250 trains. It issued a tender for the installation of flexible solar panels and battery systems on the roofs of coaches of six trains on a pilot basis.

The utilization of renewable power for traction systems seems to have gained popularity among Indian Railways after it was successfully demonstrated by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC). DMRC operates India’s largest network of subway systems. A large portion of its power demand is met from a solar power park located around 700 kilometers away. Railways reportedly considered setting up a similar large-scale solar power park in central India. However, from the tenders issued by REMCL, it is apparent that Railways plans to utilize unused land it owns spread across multiple states.

Electrification Plans

In 2018, Railways reported that its traction power demand is around 2 gigawatts and another 400 megawatts demand from railways stations and workshops. This is expected to increase to over 4 gigawatts by 2022 with the planned electrification of a broad gauge network. Railways has signed an agreement with ABB to convert diesel-fired locomotive into electric locomotives by 2022.

Despite the declining profit, Indian Railways is unlikely to face any problems funding this green energy transition. Its operational and financial efficiency have been on the decline. However, Railways raised $500 million through a green bond issue in 2017 at a very attractive interest rate.

According to the United National Development Programme, Indian Railways can meet at least 25% of its power demand from renewable energy sources. A 2017 UNDP-funded study claimed that Indian Railways can set up 3.9 gigawatts of land-based and 1.1 gigawatts of rooftop solar power projects.

Author: Smiti

Source: Clean Technica

About Creators and Other Customers

Photo: Dunja Dopsaj

From Vermont to Belgrade, from wedding bands to over a thousand products, from piling up identical items on shop shelves to unique pieces made with love and care, from goods no one buys to care for the environment, customers and to artists – this is how Zanateria was created, the first online department store with products handmade in Serbia.

Married couple Milica Stankovic Scepanovic and Aleksandar Scepanovic, aided by knowledge of their friend Ivan Gacesa, an IT entrepreneur, they designed something completely new in Serbian market – a virtual department store where small producers have the opportunity to show the result of their skill and customers have the privilege of getting a product that is unique, carefully designed and completely meeting their wish. As they are users of handmade pieces themselves, and while waiting for the opportunity to the numerous independent manufacturers to also show up in Serbia, they decided to take the charge and set up a craft store Zanateria.

Photo: Dunja Dopsaj

Milica, Aleksandar and Ivan were previously drawn by hand-made products. Realising how difficult it is for people of modern times to get to craftsmen, as well as it is for the latter to get to the market, they decided that they themselves would be the bearers of change. The idea came up during Aleksandar and Milica’s trip to the United States and visit to the craft department store that left a strong impression. Even wedding bands were ordered online. “When the wedding bands arrived with personal dedication from the masters who made them, it clicked. We decided to make a virtual craft department store online upon our return to Serbia,” Aleksandar explains. Ivan joined them and so this story began, a story of a trade where everyone gains profit – both creators, buyers and nature.

In addition to being a resource-saving virtual store, while being deprived of all the infrastructure needed for mass production and consumption, Zanateria provides even one more convenience for both customers and the planet. Namely, the products can be tested and ordered, so there is no risk of accumulation and destruction of unsold goods, which is often the case with large companies due to the lack of discounts for fear of “damaging” the brand. “That manner that makes the brands more important than the common good and natural resources, is very dangerous, but we get the impression that more and more people are ‘waking up’ and realise that rapid and big changes are necessary in production, but also in the way of spending, if we want to save ourselves. And just the example of small manufacturers shows us that brands can also be built by caring for the environment”, says Aleksandar.

Considering the rhythm of life, which is becoming faster globally, and being aware that most people are familiar with the problems of mass production but without enough time or will to look for alternative options, from the beginning, they have designated this as one of the most important missions of their business – to offer shortcuts in that pursuit.

Zanateria is focused on healthy products made of natural and eco-friendly materials, which retail shopping allows. Environmental care and ecological approach in the process of making and packaging products is very important for the community that Zanateria brings together. Plus, complete bypassing consumerism, offering products that are not consumed quickly, but are cherished and loved, often whole life, and encouraging manufacturers to make market changes, Zanateria upholds the principles of circular economy. The development of the industry has hindered the former popularity of small local craftsmen and vendors. Now, it is a big challenge for small manufacturers to compete with huge companies. Mass production and global economy, on the other hand, do not allow much care about harmful effects on the environment. In doing so, the question of labor exploitation and workers’ rights imposes itself. “Zanaterians” are very shaky when it comes to this sensitive topic. As Aleksandar says, every responsible man must know that by buying cheap ‘garbage’ he becomes an accomplice to the big exploitative corporations and bears a part of the responsibility for the exploitation of children and the workforce in general, for inhumane working conditions, poverty in third-world countries and for the dire environmental consequences which product surpluses, their composition, shorter life span and mode of production they cause.

The so-called small producers do not enter distribution chains due to the small volume of production and the high cost of entry, as well as the necessity of compromise quality that they nurture and low prices in the market. This is why Zanateria offers them the opportunity to make their goods accessible and representative for a large number of people. “An economy with a human face”, by which the Zanateria platform is trying to enhance the Serbian market, offers an opportunity to buy the product from the man who made it by himself and therefore he personally guarantees for its quality, as well as making sure that the money goes directly to the creator.

Foto: Zanateria

Guided by Dusko Radovic’s message that “the one who wants change the world should start from his dripping/leaking TAP”, they decided to start a change in their microcosmos. So they have come up with a platform that empowers a healthy approach to economy and consumption, saves resources, opposes domination of “harsh transitional capitalism” and at the same time allows that everything is just a click away from buyers. The first phase of this work involves bringing together relevant vendors as well as third-party publishers, with a tendency to continually expand and then stabilise the platform offering, evaluate, as well as provide educational series. The plan is “coming-out” to a foreign market.

Customers are given an insight into the current offer in the craft products market, as products from workshops, studios and shelves are on the platform that they might not have met on another occasion. That’s especially important for interested buyers from smaller towns, who do not have the opportunity to visit night markets and bazaars of handcrafts.

“At the moment, Zanateria offers more than 1,000 products and that number is growing daily. Before we developed this idea, we “scanned” the market and it seemed to us that we were able to map most of the manufacturers. When we made the public invitation to cooperate, we were completely surprised by the response. Not only were there manufacturers we had never heard of or products we never knew are made in Serbia, but we came to know products that we didn’t know they existed at all.”

You can find more about the offer in Zanateria at the link: www.zanateria.com.

Prepared by: Jelena Cvetic

This article was published in the new issue of the Energy portal Magazine NATURAL RESOURCES, march – may, 2020

Kigali Amendment Hits Milestone 100th Ratification, Boosting Climate Action

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, an international agreement to cut the use of climate-warming hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), has reached a major milestone, with Liberia becoming the 100th nation to ratify the Amendment, providing a welcome boost to global climate action.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The Amendment targets a massive reduction in the use of HFCs, which became widely-used refrigerant substitutes for ozone-depleting substances that have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol. HFCs are climate-warming gases with significant global warming potential.

Liberia became the latest country to ratify the amendment, part of an accelerating trend of nations approving the treaty and beginning work on phasing down the gases; Mali was the first to ratify the Amendment in 2017, followed by Federated States of Micronesia, Marshall Islands and Rwanda. The European Union – along with most of its member states – was a single block of parties to the Montreal Protocol; along with others, this made it possible for the Amendment to enter into force on 1 January 2019. Other recent parties to ratify the Amendment include Bangladesh, Sierra Leone, the Holy See and Romania.

“As we deal with the impacts of the global pandemic, it is crucial not to forget climate action,” said Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme. “Climate change could cause even more misery and disruption than COVID-19; we must be resolute in our efforts to limit it.

“The Kigali Amendment reaching 100 ratifications is therefore great news. The Amendment is a powerful tool for keeping our planet cool. I thank those states which have ratified it and encourage the 98 others to follow suit and help to ensure a safer future for all of humanity.”

The 2016 Kigali Amendment requires a phasedown of high global warming potential HFCs by more than 80 per cent (in CO2-equivalent) over the next 30 years. Estimates suggest that emissions avoided by 2100 could reach 5.6 to 8.7 gigatonnes of CO2-equivalent per year. In total, it would be over ten years’ worth of current annual emissions of CO2 due to human activities. This will avoid up to 0.4°C of global warming by the end of the century.

Replacing HFCs also creates an opportunity to increase the energy efficiency of cooling equipment by 10–50 per cent, significantly reducing energy costs to consumers and businesses.

The Amendment builds on the success of the Montreal Protocol, which was set up in 1987 to protect human health and the environment caused by the depletion of the ozone layer. With the universal support of 198 parties, the Montreal Protocol has led to the phase-out of almost 99 per cent of ozone-depleting substances.

The ozone layer is now well on the way to recovery. The Protocol’s benefits include up to two million cases of skin cancer prevented each year by 2030, an estimated US$ 1.8 trillion in global health benefits and almost US$ 460 billion in avoided damages to agriculture and fisheries up to 2060.

Ozone protection efforts also avoided an estimated 135 billion tonnes of CO2-equivalent emissions from 1990 to 2010. In the absence of the Montreal Protocol, global mean temperatures could have risen over 2°C by 2070, due to warming from ozone-depleting substances alone.

“Each ratification of the Kigali Amendment brings us closer to replicating the success of the Montreal Protocol in dealing with ozone-depleting substances,” said Tina Birmpili, Executive Secretary of the Ozone Secretariat. “This success is built on nations working together. I am delighted to see 100 ratifications and look forward to many more in the coming months and years.”

Source: UNEP

Italy Set to Increase EV Incentives to €10,000 — Are Carmakers Ready?

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Ruffa Jane Reyes)

The Italian government is preparing new fiscal measures to sustain the economic recovery, following months of lockdown at the peak of the coronavirus pandemic. Like in many other countries, particularly in Europe, economic stimulus is being directed preferentially to a sustainable recovery, especially in the transport and construction industries. As part of proposed new measures, current incentives for low-emission vehicles are set to be increased by at least 50% from August for the rest of the year, to levels aligned to similar policies recently adopted in countries like France and Germany.

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Ruffa Jane Reyes)

Under the bill, full electric vehicles (technically, vehicles with CO2 emissions between 0 and 20 grams/km) will now be eligible for a €10,000 discount when scrapping your old car, or €6,000 without doing so. This compares to €6,000 and €4,000, respectively, under the current “ecobonus” legislation that started last year. Also included in the scheme are hybrids with CO2 emissions between 21 and 60 grams/km, which will see their existing incentives boosted to €6,500 if scrapping an old car or €3,500 otherwise (current incentives are €2,500 and €1,500, respectively). These enhanced incentives will be funded in part by government and in part by carmakers, and will be available for cars up to €61,000, including VAT (which means most Tesla Model 3 trims will also benefit from it).

A bit more controversial is the inclusion in the bill of incentives for traditional internal combustion vehicles, which will receive a discount between €1,750 and €3,500 under similar terms, albeit with a maximum selling price of €48,400, including VAT. It’s a different signal to the one Germany recently gave with its new incentive scheme — no help for ICE cars there — but it’s clear that automakers (particularly Italy’s FCA group) played a key role in lobbying for broader incentives after the near-annihilation of the car market during lockdown.

While the extension of subsidies to non-electrified vehicles sounds odd at a time when the switch to e-mobility is increasingly obvious, the bulk of the proposed new measures is arguably among the best available today around the world and — along with local strict environmental regulations being progressively enforced in cities like Milan — will mostly favour EVs. It represents a huge boost to the existing ecobonus scheme for electric vehicles and it will clearly have a strong impact on electric car sales for the rest of the year. Italy’s car market is dominated by compact models, especially A and B segment cars, which is also reflected in the EV portion of it. At the price point of these models, typically below or around €30,000 (including VAT), the heft of the new incentives for electric mobility will be substantial.

The new scheme will give the ability to get a brand new fully electric car for as low as ~€12,000 (almost half price!) for a tiny model such as the Skoda Citigo-e iV — currently the cheapest BEV offering in Italy alongside its VW and Seat siblings. €20,000 will buy you an Opel Corsa-e, and very likely the base version of the brand new Fiat 500e (which is currently listed at ~€35,000 for the “La Prima” model, but is due for a cheaper base version very soon). Go up a few thousand and the list will include all of the most popular models in today’s Italian EV market.

The €20,000 threshold being hit by many electric models through the new incentives is particularly meaningful, as it roughly marks the average price of new cars sold in Italy — a rather low figure compared to other large European markets — and will open electric mobility to a much broader customer base. Beyond that, even upmarket cars such as Tesla Model 3 will become tantalisingly within reach of many more people (a Standard Range Plus will go down 20% from its ~€50,000 full price).

As the Italian EV market prepares to accelerate further from its recent highs (see June sales) thanks to the enhanced ecobonus, many carmakers are set to benefit — especially those with a compelling offer of compact electric models. The question, if anything, will be whether they are able to respond in time to the ensuing, explosive increase in demand, or if they will be limited by their own ongoing supply constraints, an ironic thought for the industry following months of sales drought during the pandemic.

We can see the likes of PSA (Peugeot, Citroën, DS, Opel, Vauxhall) and Volkswagen Group (with VW, Seat and Skoda) easily reaping the rewards of their recent EV offensive, through their range of different vehicles sharing a common technology. Other, less responsive car companies might quickly fall behind in the EV race. One thing is for sure: Italy and other European markets are now ready to seriously test the limits of current EV supply by legacy carmakers. As long as they are able to fulfill customers’ requests, the market is there for the taking.

Author: Carlo Ombello

Source: Clean Technica (originally published on opportunity:energy)

Record Temperature Trajectory Threatens to Breach 1.5°C Global Heating Threshold

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Daphne be Frenchie)

New climate data from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) predicts that the annual mean global temperature is likely to be at least 1.0°C above pre-industrial levels (1850-1900) in each of the coming five years (2020-2024) and there is a 20 per cent chance that it will exceed 1.5°C in at least one year.

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Daphne be Frenchie)

1.5oC is the point where global warming linked consequences become increasingly severe and more difficult and expensive to adapt to, protect ourselves from, and control further temperature increases. Scientifically documented consequences of breaching 1.5oC include 70% loss of corals and loss of half the habitat of insects, including food pollinators, by the end of the century, bringing global food security issues, on top of accelerating frequency and intensity of extreme weather events.

The earth’s average temperature is already over 1.0oC above the pre-industrial period. The Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update, led by the United Kingdom’s Meteorological Office, provides a predictive analysis of the world’s climate for the next five years, updated annually. The last five-year period has been the warmest five years on record. June 2020 was just 0.01°C below the record-breaking temperatures of June 2019, driven by exceptional heat in Arctic Siberia, May 2020 was the hottest May on record.

While the smallest temperature change is expected in the tropics and in the mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, the Arctic is likely to have warmed by more than twice as much as the global mean in 2020 compared to pre-industrial levels (defined as the 1850-1900 average). In Arctic Siberia, average temperatures reached as high as 10°C above normal for both May and June. A record high of 38oC within the Arctic Circle has been recorded at the Verkhoyansk observation station, which has kept temperature records since 1885.

Burning Arctic and Zombie Fires

As the Arctic heats up, wildfires are breaking out in the area. The exceptional heat saps moisture from the ground across the region’s boreal forests and tundra, creating perfect conditions for wildfires to burn more intensely and far more destructively. Such dense, peaty soil also offers conditions for so-called “zombie fires”, fires that continue to burn underground and then reignite on the surface after a period, which present serious challenges to controlling them.

The fires have grave consequences because arctic tundra is a carbon sink, meaning that it absorbs a large amount of carbon dioxide and converts it to the carbon compounds that make up its dense vegetative structure. When tundra burns, it releases many magnitudes more carbon emissions than when an ordinary forest burns. It also cannot be restored quickly, as it is an ecosystem that develops over hundreds of years.

In June 2020, an estimated total of 59 megatonnes of CO2 were released into the atmosphere – marking the highest estimated emissions in the 18 years of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) dataset.

Implications for the 1.5oC target

“Science is giving us ample advance warning of a global disaster moving directly towards us,” says Niklas Hagelberg, UNEP Climate Change Sub-Coordinator. “And this isn’t new news: records are now being broken almost every consecutive year. What is different this year though, is the experience of living through a global pandemic. COVID-19 is giving us a blunt lesson that we humans depend on the stability of our environment and ecosystems and our success is intertwined with the protection of nature.”

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected and raised questions of every system that drives our societies. In doing so, it presents our greatest opportunity to address climate change. In climate action’s demand for a fair but rapid global transition to an era of clean, renewable energy, this will take a scale of workers and growth matched only by the scale of the need for jobs and economic stimulus today.

Source: UNEP

India’s Youth Take on Plastic Pollution

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

On the 30th June 2020, 1,900 young people joined together at the Virtual Youth Summit in India to celebrate their completion of the Tide Turners Plastic Challenge in India. The challenge is a global initiative to educate young people about plastic pollution. It is developed by the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Clean Seas Campaign, supported by the UK Government’s Department of Environment, Food and Agriculture.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Addressing the virtual crowd of young change-makers from India, 86-year-old primatologist Jane Goodall recalled that from a very young age she was fascinated by nature. She shared that she once took worms to bed, wondering how they moved around without legs. Since then, her curiosity has earnt her global renown for her work on the study of chimpanzees.

Curiosity is what has motivated the young people to take part in the Tide Turners Plastic Challenge. They share Jane Goodall’s enthusiasm for learning about nature and how they can make the world a better place.

Tide Turners educates young people about single-use plastics, encouraging them to alter their attitude towards plastic consumption and spark behavioral change in their communities. Participants undertake three levels of the challenge from knowledge and self-reflection, to initiating dialogues with authorities at schools and businesses to encourage them to reduce their consumption of single-use plastic products from the grassroots level. Due to Covid-19, the fieldwork could not be carried out as planned. Still, the young tide turners found ways to complete their challenge virtually.

The Youth Summit was marked by the presence of special guests – from celebrity changemakers, to badge-holders from Kenya, Uganda, and Ghana – who shared their passion for the environment. Actress and model Dia Mirza spoke about using her platforms to share messages about the environment with different audiences. Grammy Award winner Ricky Kej raises awareness about issues such as Land Degradation and Nitrogen pollution through music. Cartoonist Rohan Chakravarty uses his artistic talents to create artwork about marine litter and other environmental problems.

UNEP’s Chief of Youth and Advocacy, Sam Barratt said,The summit was a reminder that it doesn’t matter how old you are, where you’re from, or what your occupation is, we all have a critical role to play in shaping the world. This generation of Indian Tide Turners have taken their first steps into environmental leadership. Already they have had huge impact in changing the plastic habits of their community and calling on companies and their schools to act on pollution.”

In India, Tide Turners is led by UNEP, with support from implementing partners: World Wide Fund for Nature India (WWF India), Centre for Environment Education (CEE), and the Million Sparks Foundation.

According to India’s Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), around 26,000 tonnes of plastic is generated per day in India, 10,000 of which is uncollected. But for the thousands of young people who have completed the challenge, there is hope for a better future.

Shri Kartikeya V Sarabhai, Director of the Centre of Environment Education India said, “Youth have the power to bring about positive change. The Tide Turner Challenge was designed as an online platform for youth to participate, learn and act on plastic pollution. It was wonderful to see how over a 120,000 youth in India joined those in other countries to get involved and contribute to the solution.”

Since June 2019, 170,000 young people have participated in the Tide Turners challenge, earning badges made entirely from recycled plastic.  The initiative operates in twenty-three countries in Africa and Asia. There are plans to expand to another ten countries in Africa, Asia, Pacific and the Caribbean, transforming the next phase of “Tide Turners” into “Wave Makers”. From awareness to advocacy, UNEP will roll out further training options for those that have completed Level 3, the “Champion” level of the badge.

Find out more here.

To see more details on the Youth Summit in India, click here.

Source: UNEP

Spain Just Closed 47% of Its Coal Power Plants, and Will Be 73% Soon

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Sometimes it feels like the world is asleep and not jumping on the tremendous potential of low-cost solar power and low-cost wind power to stop global heating and catastrophic climate change. Sometimes you want to jump up and clap with enthusiasm at strong actions moving us forward. Luckily, this story should lead to the clapping.

Spain just closed down 7 of its remaining 15 coal power plants on June 30. That’s a flick of the switch (or something a few switches perhaps) and 47% of the country’s coal power plant capacity was shut down. And more will shut down soon.

End of Coal

Of course, this was years in the making. Spain built renewable energy power plants that allowed for this. Also, the European Union broke through the country’s coal and utility lobby to not allow corporate welfare to steal progress from the people of Spain. State aid to save coal mines was deemed illegal and EU regulations requiring that old coal plants be cleaned led to utilities deciding it just wasn’t worth the money to keep them open — upgrading coal plants to make them less dirty was too expensive.

In addition to the 7 coal power plants just shut down, 4 more are being prepped for shutdown and permission to shut down has been requested, making that a 73% cut in its coal power plant fleet and leaving only 4 left — the semifinals of polluting, cancer-causing coal power plants in Spain.

Regarding the shutdowns, El País notes that the Spanish government seems to have had little to do with the early closure, adding that the government wouldn’t even commit to a phaseout year with an alliance of other countries (even though, apparently, Spain would easily meet the target). “Several of these power stations have not been producing electricity for months because it is no longer profitable due to a combination of market conditions and political decisions by the European Commission, which is the executive branch of the EU.”

In 2018, two short years ago, almost 15% of Spain’s electricity came from coal and coal accounted for ~15% of Spain’s CO2 emissions. In May, coal contributed a measly (but still too high) 1.4% of the country’s electricity. Furthermore, 4 of the coal power plants that are shutting down hadn’t produced any electricity this year. Pro tip: It’s hard to make money on a coal power plant when it’s not producing electricity.

When Does Spain Hit 100% Renewable Electricity?

It’s unclear how long the remaining 4 coal power plants will be in operation, but it’s safe to say Spain will be one of the first countries (or the first country) to shut down a decently sized fleet of coal power plants. There are several countries that are already at or near 100% renewable electricity, but they typically rely heavily on hydropower and have for a long time.

Spain does still have sizable fleet of natural gas power plants, so the party isn’t over yet — or isn’t started yet. We’ll keep you informed as more progress is made.

In 2018 we reported that Spain was considering a target of 70% renewable electricity in 2030 and 100% by 2030. Renewables provided 46% of Spain’s electricity needs in the first half of 2018.

Electric Cars in Spain Even Greener

One thing this coal shutdown means is that it has gotten greener and greener to drive an electric car in Spain. Spain’s EV sales are moderate — or you could say weak in such a hit European EV market — with just 3.7% of auto sales in the first 5 months of the year being plug-in vehicles, and only 1.9% fully electric vehicles, according to EV Volumes. But expect the market to grow quickly as it has in other countries. Electric cars only get cheaper, better, and more competitive by the day. It’s already cheaper to operate an electric Uber than a diesel one in Madrid, and many drivers should soon realize that.

Volkswagen Group’s WeShare electric carsharing program is also entering Spain this year, starting in Madrid.

With the competitive pricing and better performance of electric vehicles for services like Uber, I expect cities in Madrid and elsewhere to soon be full electric electric vehicles running our their streets.

Author: Zachary Shanan

Source: Clean Technica

Greater Circularity in the Buildings Sector Can Lead to Major Cuts in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Improving efficiency and reuse of materials to construct houses and other buildings can open significant new opportunities to further reducing greenhouse gas emissions, according to a European Environment Agency (EEA) briefing released today.

The EEA briefing, ‘Cutting greenhouse gas emissions through circular economy actions in the buildings sector Briefing Cutting greenhouse gas emissions through circular economy actions in the buildings sector ’, says actions like reducing the use of concrete, cement and steel in the building sector can cut materials-related greenhouse gas emissions by 61% over a building’s life cycle stages until 2050.

The briefing is based on a study commissioned by the EEA, which looks at the role that specific actions towards a more circular economy can play in reducing emissions. The EEA assessment presents a new methodological approach which can help identify and prioritise circular efforts that can contribute to reducing emissions in any sector. It was developed by the EEA together with a consortium of European experts.

The study found that each of a building’s life cycle stages — from design, production and use to demolition and waste management — offers rich opportunity for greater circularity and emission reductions.

The background study prepared for the EEA cites that up to two thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions are related to flows of materials, and how we source, consume and dispose of them. This makes it an important area for further reductions. Circular economy actions can substantially contribute to reduce these emissions. Making buildings more circular over their life cycle means designing and using them more efficiently, making them last longer, as well as reusing and recycling building materials instead of sourcing new ones.

Steel, cement and concrete are some of the most emission-intensive materials used in constructing buildings. These can be cut down if the demand for such materials is reduced through smarter design and production as well as reusing and recycling these materials at the end of building’s life cycle. Other actions ranging from increasing occupancy rate to improved maintenance that extends a building’s lifetime also offer good potential to reduce emissions.

Making the building sector more ‘circular’ by reducing demand for such materials can help the European Union meet its climate neutrality and circular economy goals under the European Green Deal. This makes such actions ideal for inclusion in EU, national and local climate change plans and roadmaps, the briefing says.

Source: EEA

 

Social Enterprise Remakes Waste Into Consumer Goods

Photo: Remake Hub

While working for the decades-old family fashion business, Sissi Chao had an experience that literally took her breath away.

Photo: Remake Hub

“Not long after I started, I started visiting our fabric suppliers,” said Chao. “I could hardly breathe, even before I got in the building. It was awful. Every supplier was the same. And I knew that all of this pollution was going into the environment.”

It was this personal encounter that prompted Chao to make a positive change in the second most polluting industry in the world: fashion. In 2018, she founded REMAKEHUB, a company that takes discarded clothes and plastic waste and repurposes them into apparel, blankets, furniture and accessories. The company won UNEP’s 2020 Asia-Pacific Low Carbon Lifestyles Challenge.

By some accounts, the fashion industry is responsible for between 8 and 10 percent of global carbon emissions, which makes it a worse polluter than aviation and shipping put together. Fashion also accounts for 24 percent of insecticide and 11 percent of pesticide use. It’s also a resource hog: thousands of litres of water are used to produce the cotton for just a single pair of jeans.

Fast fashion is compounding the problem and is a challenge Chao was also personally familiar with.

“We throw out 58 billion pieces of clothing every year. I used to go shopping every week and would throw away so many clothes. It’s just become the way things are in fashion.”

Beyond discarded clothes and plastic waste, Chao’s start-up REMAKEHUB is also working to reuse discarded fishing nets. REMAKEHUB collaborated with WWF to create sunglasses upcycled from deadly commercial gill nets found on the Great Barrier Reef. These ReefCycle-branded sunglasses have already sold 2,000 pairs. In parallel, Chao’s brand has worked with NGOs to educate more than 5,000 fishermen across Asia and the Pacific on the perils of discarding fishing nets.

For her successes, Chao has also been recognized as a Forbes 30 Under 30 honoree. REMAKEHUB has also won the UNDP Asia-Pacific Youth SDG Innovation Award.

She has high ambitions for 2020 and beyond. REMAKEHUB aims to prevent 50 tons of fishing net from being dumped into the ocean and eliminate 10 tons of CO2 emissions, while looking to scale up and penetrate further into the fashion and furniture markets.

“I think this is just the beginning,” said Chao. “We need people to do better for our planet. We need businesses to do better as well.”

Source: UNEP

City of Sydney Goes 100 percentage Renewable

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

As of July 1, Sydney, the largest city in Australia, will power all its operations — street lights, sports facilities, buildings, and the historic Town Hall — with 100% renewable energy from local sources. The clean energy transition, made possible by a power purchase agreement put together by Flow Power, is worth $60 million and is projected to save the city more than a half million dollars on its electricity bills every year for the next 10 years.

Sydney began working to reduce its carbon footprint in 2016 when it adopted a plan to cut its carbon emissions 70% by 2030. The city calculates this latest power purchase agreement will help it reach that goal 6 years earlier than planned. It also worked hard to make sure the sources of the renewable energy it uses were all local to the area, providing economic development and job growth opportunities for people living in surrounding communities.

Two Solar Farms & One Wind Farm

The PPA will use electricity from three sources — 2 solar farms and one wind farm. Three-quarters of it will be provided by the Sapphire Wind Farm near Inverell. It is the largest wind farm in New South Wales with a capacity of 270 MW generated by 75 turbines that stand 200 meters high. The reason wind is such a big part of the package is that the majority of the electricity the city consumes goes to power its 23,000 street lights. Sydney has converted about 6,000 of them to LEDs recently and has plans to convert another 12,000 soon.

“The process of buying energy from a generator when its output matches your demand is known as load matching. For example, if you use most of your electricity at night, like we do, you choose to buy more wind power than solar power. It’s not just a good idea financially — if every large energy buyer practiced load matching, our electricity grid would become much more stable and sustainable,” the city says.

Even though the wind blows at night when the city uses most of its electricity, Sydney is also sourcing renewable energy from two solar farms, one of which is a 3 MW community solar installation. The Shoalhaven project is being developed by Flow Power in partnership with local community group Repower Shoalhaven, a not for profit volunteer community enterprise that develops community solar projects.

“When we decided to pursue a 100% renewable electricity deal, we knew we wanted to help grow the renewables sector in NSW as well. We didn’t want to simply buy renewable electricity that was already being produced. So we worked with our broker to make sure we were supporting new projects,” the city says.

“We ended up partnering with a community energy group that needed help to get a project off the ground. Repower Shoalhaven could not have become operational without our investment. By partnering with this project, we’re stimulating the market and helping the renewables sector grow.”

Sydney Goes Solar

Sydney has also installed solar panels on a number of municipal buildings. “By mid-2021, we expect to have more than 7,800 solar panels on the roofs of our properties. As the mix of storage and generation on our electricity grid changes, solar solutions like this could provide reliability and resilience to our electricity network and potentially prevent blackouts,” says Mayor Clover Moore. The city has installed a 500 kWh battery storage facility supplied by Tesla to help use that solar power as efficiently as possible.

While not nearly as large as the Tesla battery located at the Hornsdale facility in South Australia, together with all the solar panels the city is installing it helped prevent the construction of a natural gas peaker plant in the area which would have spewed carbon emissions into the air for all of its 40+ year service life.

Looking to the Future

In its online announcement about the new power purchase agreement, the city says, “Our new deal kicks in from 1 July but we’re already looking to the future and how our electricity use might evolve in the years ahead. As more Australian individuals and organisations generate power themselves using rooftop solar, the opportunities will increase for a 2-way system that involves energy users both buying and selling electricity. Many households in the City of Sydney area already sell their excess solar power back to the grid. There’s also the practice known as demand response. This is when consumers choose not to use electricity during times of high demand in exchange for lower rates or some other form of reward. The NSW electricity market is moving towards a demand response model and we’re going to be at the forefront of it. That’s why we’ve included provisions for demand response in our current power purchase agreement.”

The Australian national government may refuse to address climate change and stick its head in the sand when it comes to renewables — despite evidence that investment in renewables creates three times as many jobs as investments in fossil fuels — but local communities and state governments are defying the elected idiots and charting their own course to a sustainable future.

Author: Steve Hanley

Source: Clean Technica

Obverse and Reverse of Electric Power Sector

Photo: Aleksandar Borovic

When it comes to fossil fuels, Serbia is a rather poor country. The main, available energy source is low-quality coal, namely lignite. Oil and gas reserves are relatively moderate, and their exploitation is about to come to an end in the coming decades. The energy potential of oil shale is beyond any question. Still, not enough researches have been made, while the existing technologies for the use of this source aren’t commercially and ecologically acceptable. At the moment, the importance of lignite for the Serbian energy sector is immeasurable. The development of the electricity sector of the Republic of Serbia has been relying, ever since the sixties, upon the available coal reserves. The coal-based thermal power stations, which generate 70 per cent of national electricity production, are the backbone of the electricity sector in Serbia.

Photo: Private archive of Dejan Ivezic

The problem with coal firing is the emission of air pollutants and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The installation of electro filter and denitrification and desulfurization unit reduce the emissions significantly, raising the price of electricity as a result. So it doesn’t make sense to install them on old power plants with lower capacity. However, the solution for carbon-dioxide emission from coal-based power plants doesn’t exist. Having in mind the emissions of this gas, coal is the least favourable of all the fossil fuels, and technologies for carbon dioxide capture and storage are still in an early developmental stage. According to the Energy sector development strategy, in the coming decade, we can have the phasing out of 1,000 MW of the oldest and the most inefficient thermal power plants. Those remaining in use (along with Kostolac B3 in construction and potentially one more power plant of the similar capacity) should meet the strictest environmental regulations.

This scenario of the electricity sector progress could be, from the perspective of coal usage, taken as pretty optimistic. In essence, coal would be exploited and used for electricity generation over the next few decades. Its share in electricity generation would probably remain more than 50 per cent. The shift in the energy sector strategy and the adoption of EU policy in the field of climate protection would undoubtedly result in a gradual reduction and, eventually, termination of the coal-based electricity production in Serbia. In order to make this scenario economically and socially sustainable, this process must be followed up by the adequate measures of economic and social policies. The price of this transition is very high, and Serbia alone can hardly pay for it. This scenario is probable only with Serbia’s full integration into the EU or at least with access to the transitional funds in the same way it is provided for the EU member states.

In focus:

Photo: Jelena Spurga

Renewable energy sources (RES), which would completely replace coal in electricity production, considering current technology development, just don’t exist. Nowadays, hydropower plants make about 30 per cent in electricity production and are considered “family heirloom” of the Serbian energy sector. There are plans for new hydropower plants on bigger watercourses (Morava, Drina, Ibar, Lim etc.), but due to many reasons, their construction is not likely. One of the reasons is pubic odium against the construction of small hydropower plants, which is something that shouldn’t have happened. It is difficult to estimate the potentials for the usage of solar and wind power. “Feed-in” tariff was effective, first when it comes to the growth of installed capacity which uses wind, whereas there has been a limitation of capacity in the solar energy field. Nevertheless, having summed up the share of electricity produced in these power plants, it won’t surpass 5 per cent of the total electricity production. It’s beyond doubt that it is technically possible to install in Serbia a few times bigger capacity in wind power plants, and tens of times bigger capacity in solar power plants, than we already have.

Photo: Ljubica Stivic

The construction of reversible hydropower plant Bistrica, and there has been a lot of talk about it before, might additionally increase the technical potential of these sources. The price of electricity at the national level doesn’t serve a stimulus for investors, and without official subsidy policy, it will be hardly possible to keep up the existing trend of construction even when it comes to wind power plants.

Theoretically, the biggest unused potential of RES in Serbia rests in biomass and particularly in agriculture biomass. Yet, it is very demanding to determine what part of that potential is truly usable for energy production, having in mind that residues from agriculture production are used for many different purposes. Biogas plants (combined with livestock production) with the capacity of several tens of megawatts are already in operation, and there we can expect, with appropriate subsidy policy (at the moment, “feed-in tariff” is in use) further growth, since this is the way to also solve the waste problem. As for wood biomass, it is mostly used for heating, and it is least expected to have a significant change there. Its use for electricity production is possible, but not in that extent as to become a genuine replacement for ongoing lignite usage.

Even organized cultivating of the fast-growing woods couldn’t provide more than a few hundred MW of new capacity for electricity production. It is important to say about wood biomass that it is CO2 neutral, only if tree cutting is followed by adequate forestation. Otherwise, from a perspective of CO2 emission, biomass is more unfavourable energy source than coal. Also, biomass firing is accompanied by the significant particle and another pollutant emission, which can be dealt with successfully only in bigger power plants. The air Ph pollution problem in Serbian cities throughout the winter of 2019/2020 is mainly caused by firing biomass in households. So, whatever progress of Serbian energy sector might be, maximum valorization of renewable energy sources should have priority. Essentially, those are our only, sustainable on a long term, energy sources. With the extensive implementation of energy efficiency measures, it would be possible to ensure that a certain portion of required energy comes from our sources. It is necessary to bear in mind that entirely clean energy sources don’t exist, and that usage of renewables doesn’t come cheap. The technical potential of RES depends on available technologies, but the level of RES usage depends on how much consumers are willing to pay for such energy.

Dejan Ivezic

This article was published in the new issue of the Energy portal Magazine NATURAL RESOURCES, march – may, 2020

Blanketing the United States in Solar Panels and Pollinator-Friendly Plants

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

It started as a trickle and now the floodgates are open. Solar arrays that once sat on barren ground are now festooned with plants that attract bees, birds, and butterflies. Even the US Energy Department is getting into the act. With that in mind, let’s take a look at four newly minted solar power plants that have built-in benefits for pollinators, too.

1. Beauty Co. Aims For Carbon-Positivity With Solar Panels

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The natural hair care company Aveda already keeps beehives on its Blaine campus in Minnesota, and a new 3.6 acre, 900 kilowatt array of solar panels will enable it to add more hives because it is planted with pollinator-friendly plants, not gravel or ground cover. If that sounds like having your solar cake and eating it, too, it is.

The new array is also part of the company’s plans for generating more energy than it consumes.

Aveda was one of the first leading US manufacturers to dip into wind power, and the new foray into the solar + pollinator field puts it smack in the middle of a statewide, accelerating trend.

Here’s another way to look at the big picture: 900 kilowatts of renewable energy is small potatoes, but Aveda’s parent company Estée Lauder is roping in 22 megawatts of wind power for 2020 alone.

2. 120-Year-Old Coal Power Plant Out, Solar + Pollinators In

The city of Logansport, Indiana retired its ancient coal power plant a while back, and now the Logansport Municipal Utility is replacing it with the help of 16 megawatts worth of solar panels.

“Financed by a power purchase agreement (PPA), the solar installation will reduce LMU’s carbon emissions, help to stabilize energy costs for LMU’s customers, and also host a bee and butterfly habitat that will benefit agriculture in the surrounding area,” explains the developer, Inovateus Solar.

Logansport Municipal Utility partnered the organizations Fresh Energy and the Bee and Butterfly Habitat Fund to create a pollinator-friendly field. The new array will include a solar education element for local schools and a college scholarship for whoever comes up with the best name for the new solar park.

Of interest to tree lovers, the array will be surrounded with a buffer zone of native trees and other plants.

Speaking of having your cake and eating it, too, the PPA deal enables Logansport to get all those green goodies with no money down, thanks to a 30-year contract financed by the firm Alchemy Renewable Energy.

3. More Pollinators + Solar Panels For Green Mountain State

The solar + pollinator field is rapidly maturing, and as more results trickle in the case for new projects grows.

Back in 2017, the solar developer Green Lantern Solar partnered with Bee the Change to build a pollinator-friendly solar array in New Haven, Vermont. The project garnered praise from the Pollinator-Friendly Solar Initiative at the University of Vermont, and now the partners are back at it again with a second solar installation in New Haven.

The two arrays step up the pollinator game for Green Lantern. The company used to rely on clover for ground cover, which is all well and good, but the new arrays support far more pollinator diversity with dozens of different species of plants.

4. GIANT Step For Solar + Pollinators

In terms of industry-wide influence, this next one is probably the most significant. Last month The GIANT Company put the finishing touches on a 7-acre field of solar panels at its corporate headquarters in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

GIANT lives up to its name. Coming up on its 100-year anniversary in 2023, it blankets Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia with hundreds of grocery stores,  pharmacies, fuel stations, and online pickup hubs in addition to grocery delivery services.

The GIANT headquarters already sports a rooftop solar array, but rooftop solar is old hat. The new solar array gives GIANT bragging rights to be the first major grocery retailer in the nation to dip in to the solar panels-plus-pollinators field, and it also supports the connection between food retailers and agricultural health. Ernst Conservation Seeds is the company that will populate the new array with pollinator-friendly plants.

The project also connects GIANT with the organization Planet Bee Foundation.

US Energy Department Hearts Bees, Birds, & Butterflies

If this is beginning to sound like agrivoltaics, run right out and buy yourself a cigar. Agrivoltaics is a new field that aims at designing low-impact solar arrays that are compatible with agriculture, including livestock and food crops in addition to pollinator habitats.

So, what does the Energy Department have to do with agrivoltaics? Plenty! The GIANT Company is participating in a major nationwide, 20-state solar-plus-pollinators project under the agency’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Called InSPIRE for Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment, the project connects NREL and Argonne National Laboratory with other stakeholders in academia and local governments as well as environmental and clean energy organizations, with funding from the DOE Solar Technologies Office.

Part of the aim is to conserve land for food production while also enabling farmers to benefit from the cash flow of renewable energy.

There’s plenty of material to chew on, as the field of regenerative agriculture is also discovering that solar panels can do some of the things that regenerative agriculture aims to do for soil and water conservation.

In addition, the InSPIRE project dovetails with two other overlapping initiatives that DOE is heavily promoting, community solar and commercial-scale solar. The agency is aiming at 100% community solar access for every household in the US by 2025 (yes, for real), and the commercial-scale initiative has the aim of tapping into the underdeveloped middle ground of the solar market.

There is also an interesting connection with solar cell efficiency. Evidence is growing, so to speak, that agrivoltaic solar arrays benefit from the cool microclimate under the solar panels, and as everybody knows, solar cells function more efficiently when they are cool — even on Mount Everest, as the case may be. That’s a win-win for livestock farmers, whose stock can benefit from the additional shade.

Hold on to your hats, this whole thing could blow up quickly. It’s not just the small-scale solar developers that are getting into the agrivoltaic act. The global solar developer Lightsource, which is now part of BP, has a whole package dedicated to solar panels with farmer benefits.

Author: Tina Casey

Source: Clean Technica

Connecting Protected Areas With Green Infrastructure Would Strengthen Europe’s Ecosystems

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The European Union’s (EU) network of protected sites, Natura 2000, could be further connected with green infrastructure to create a trans-European nature network. According to a European Environment Agency (EEA) briefing highways and other infrastructure currently disconnect about 15 % of the Natura 2000 sites from other nature areas, reducing their capacity for ecosystem services.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The EEA briefing ‘Building a Trans-European Nature Network’ analyses the potential of using green infrastructure to connect protected Natura 2000 sites with other natural and semi-natural landscapes. Green infrastructure networks consist of natural and man-made green structures, such as forests, parks, wildlife overpasses or hedgerows, and they are designed to deliver a wide range of ecosystem services, including as water and air purification, space for recreation and climate mitigation and adaptation.

According to the EEA briefing, about 80 % of the current Natura 2000 sites are already connected through natural or semi-natural areas. Around 15 % of the disconnected Natura 2000 sites are less than 1 kilometre apart but intersected by, for example, highways, agricultural land, or urban areas that limit species movement and the area’s capacity to offer ecosystem services.

Connecting nature sites with green infrastructure could boost ecosystem services by about 10 % within the protected network and in its surrounding areas. These benefits could be expanded by connecting EU sites with neighbouring regions, which could done with little or very little management intervention, the EEA briefing states.

The EEA briefing is based on a technical report developed by the EEA and its European Topic Centre on Urban, Land and Soil Systems. This work contributes to approaches to extending the network of protected areas to meet the 30 % target of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030, which calls for investments in green and blue infrastructure and cooperation across borders to set up ecological corridors.

Source: EEA

Clean Air and Green Jobs in Latin America and the Caribbean Thanks to E-Mobility

Photo: UNEP
  • The transport sector is responsible for 15 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions in the region.
  • New report calls to prioritize the electrification of public transport, especially when updating old bus fleets.
  • Electric mobility could foster new investments and jobs, which are key to COVID-19 recovery efforts.

The transition to electric mobility could help Latin America and Caribbean countries to reduce emissions and fulfill their commitments under the Paris Agreement on climate change, while generating green jobs as part of their recovery plans from the COVID-19 crisis, according to a new study.

Photo: UNEP

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report, “Electric Mobility 2019: Status and Opportunities for Regional Collaboration in Latin America and the Caribbean,” analyzes the latest developments in 20 countries in the region and highlights the growing leadership of cities, companies, and civil associations in promoting new e-mobility technologies.

Though still a recent development, electrification of the public transport sector is happening at high speed in several countries in the region, says the study financed by the European Commission through the EUROCLIMA+ Programme and the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID) and renewable energy company Acciona.

Chile stands outs with the largest fleet of electric buses in the region, with more than 400 units, while Colombia is expected to incorporate almost 500 electric buses in Bogotá, its capital. Other Colombian cities, like Cali and Medellín, have join Ecuador’s Guayaquil and Brazil’s Sao Paulo in introducing electric buses.

Increased efficiency, lower operation and maintenance costs of electric buses, as well as growing public concern around the impacts of road transport-related emissions on human health and the environment are the main drivers behind this transition in public transport, according to the study.

The transport sector is responsible for 15 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions in Latin America and the Caribbean and is one of the main drivers of poor air quality in cities, which causes more than 300,000 premature deaths a year in the Americas, according to the World Health Organization.

“In recent months we have seen a reduction of air pollution in cities in the region due to lockdowns to prevent the spread of COVID-19. But these improvements are only temporary. We must undertake a structural change so that our transportation systems contribute to the sustainability of our cities,” says Leo Heileman, UNEP Regional Director in Latin America and the Caribbean.

The report calls on decision-makers to prioritize the electrification of public transport, especially when updating the old bus fleets that run through the large cities in the region. There is fear of a “technology lock-in” over the next 7 to 15 years if authorities choose to renew old fleets with new internal combustion vehicles that will continue to pollute the air and cause severe health damages.

Some countries are already paving the way to ensure a transition to sustainable transport. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panamá have designed national strategies on electric mobility, while Argentina, Dominican Republic, México, Paraguay are finalizing their own plans, according to the report.

More than 6,000 new light-duty electric vehicles (EVs) were registered in Latin America and the Caribbean, between January 2016 and September 2019, according to the report. The need for charging infrastructure has boosted new ventures and services. For example, e-corridors, already running in Brazil, Chile, México, and Uruguay, allow users to extend the autonomy of their EVs by making use of public fast charging point networks.

Shared mobility businesses focusing on electric bicycles and skateboards are also being developed in at least nine countries in the region.

The development of electric vehicle charging infrastructure has the potential to foster new investments and jobs, which are key to COVID-19 recovery efforts in the region.

The report calls on governments to develop a clear medium- and long-term roadmap that provides legal certainty for private investment and highlights the role of sustainable mobility in power grid expansion plans, in line with climate commitments under the Paris Agreement.

The 2015 Agreement, signed to date by nearly 200 countries, aims to keep the global temperature rise well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels by the end of the century and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

The report was produced with inputs from the Latin American Association for Sustainable Mobility (ALAMOS) and contributions from the Center for Urban Sustainability in Costa Rica.

Source: UNEP