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Belgium Reverses Its Nuclear Phase-Out Policy

Foto-ilustracija: Unsplash (Dan Meyers)

For many years, Belgium maintained a ban on the construction of new nuclear reactors and pursued a policy of gradually phasing out and shutting down all nuclear units. However, over time, there have been amendments and extensions to the operational lifespan of certain reactors.

The country currently operates five nuclear reactors: Doel units 1, 2, and 4, as well as Tihange units 1 and 3, with a total capacity of approximately 4 GW.

The current Belgian government is planning to change its nuclear energy phase-out policy. A new political direction has announced its intention to extend the operation of two existing reactors for an additional ten years, following the previously agreed ten-year extension in 2023. Furthermore, the government has expressed interest in building entirely new reactors.

As part of the new energy strategy, the focus will be on investments in renewable energy sources, nuclear energy development, and achieving a low-carbon energy mix. To implement this strategy, it is necessary to swiftly lift the existing ban on the construction of new nuclear capacities and take all necessary measures to extend the operational lifespan of reactors that meet safety standards, particularly Doel 4 and Tihange 3.

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According to the plan announced by Belgium’s coalition government in December 2021, the Doel 3 reactor was shut down in September 2022, and Tihange 2 followed at the end of January 2023. Initially, Doel 4 and Tihange 3 were scheduled for closure by 2025. However, in December 2023, due to geopolitical circumstances, the decision was revised, and Belgium finalized plans to extend the lifespan of Doel 4 and Tihange 3 for ten years, securing a stable energy capacity of 2 GW, as reported by World Nuclear News.

The government also plans to build an additional 4 GW of capacity, as emphasized by the Minister of Energy, who added that the construction of small modular reactors (SMRs) alone will not be sufficient.

Discussions about nuclear reactors in Belgium had subsided following the initial agreements on a gradual nuclear phase-out. However, circumstances have changed due to the growing need for stable and low-carbon energy sources in the context of global energy and climate challenges.

Energy portal

Solar Chimney – A Modern Solution Inspired by the Ancient Egyptian Cooling System

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (CALIN STAN)

Today, in a world where technology allows us to control almost everything with just the press of a button, it is hard to imagine how our ancestors managed to survive without cooling and heating systems or other devices that are now an essential part of our daily lives. We take for granted the ability to adjust the temperature in our homes at any moment, whether it’s the harsh winter or the scorching summer heat. Air conditioning has become a standard, seamlessly blending into our everyday routines.

However, when we take a closer look at global climate change, it becomes clear that this technology, although convenient, is not without its drawbacks. Cooling and heating devices significantly contribute to increased electricity consumption, which is still largely generated from sources that pollute our air and enhance the greenhouse effect. This reality presents us with a challenge: how to maintain comfortable indoor temperatures while remaining energy-efficient and environmentally responsible?

As awareness of sustainability grows, the demand for eco-friendly solutions in the construction industry is increasing. Among the innovative techniques gaining traction, solar chimneys stand out as an efficient and environmentally friendly way to regulate building temperatures. As a passive system, a solar chimney harnesses solar energy for natural heating and cooling without requiring electrical devices such as fans or motors.

Its operating principle is quite simple. The chimney absorbs sunlight thanks to its dark-colored surface, which maximizes solar energy absorption. During heating periods, the upper opening of the chimney remains closed, trapping warm air inside and allowing it to distribute throughout the building. On the other hand, during hot summer months, the warm air escapes through the chimney openings, while fresh air enters the building, creating a natural air circulation system. This process can reduce indoor temperatures by up to 8°C.

While many, especially younger generations, may think that cooling devices are a product of modern technology, let’s take a step back in time. More than 2,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians developed a similar principle for cooling their homes. Their buildings were designed with openings and vertical channels that enabled natural air circulation. Through these channels, cooler air entered the living spaces while warm air exited, creating a pleasant atmosphere even during the hottest summer days.

Today, solar chimneys represent a modern interpretation of the ancient Egyptian principle of natural cooling. Although the fundamental concept—using ventilation and airflow to regulate temperature—remains the same, solar chimneys incorporate solar energy, enabling not only cooling but also efficient space heating.

Katarina Vuinac

OECD Report Highlights Global Disparity in Wind Energy Support

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Ryan Duffy)

In April 2024 the European Commission opened an investigation into Chinese suppliers of wind turbines under the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR). The Commission suspects unfair competition is taking place. With sweeping powers that range from requiring the disclosure of documents to the cancellation of signed contracts, the ongoing FSR investigation aims to ensure a level playing between European and non-European manufacturers of wind turbines.

What the OECD report finds

Company-level data collected by the OECD indicates that China-headquartered manufacturers are the largest recipients of government subsidisation. They benefit from grants, tax concessions and below-market financing from Chinese state-owned banks. This goes far beyond what is offered in Europe. These policies have contributed to China’s rapid expansion in wind turbine manufacturing capacity.

The chart on the right provides total subsidies as a share of company revenues for organisations in China compared to OECD countries.

“The European wind industry is not against competition. But that competition must be fair. Otherwise we risk delaying not only the European energy transition but also the global transition from happening due to a race to the bottom. It’s an unnecessary distraction and no one will benefit from that”, said Phil Cole, Director of Industrial Affairs at WindEurope.

As a result of those generous subsidies, China’s growing manufacturing overcapacity has led to intense price competition and market distortion concerns. Additionally Chinese manufacturers have been offering deferred payment terms beyond those that OECD-based manufacturers are able to offer.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay (distelAPPArath)

This risks stopping Europe’s well-established wind energy manufacturing industry from functioning effectively and jeopardises the supply of components and materials that are required to deliver the energy transition.

“We cannot allow China’s overcapacity issues to distort Europe’s established market for wind energy. Without European manufacturing and a strong European supply chain, we lose our ability to produce the equipment we need – and ultimately risk our energy and national security”, continued Cole.

China also dominates the supply of rare earth minerals which are crucial for the manufacturing of permanent magnets as well as raw materials such as glass fibre rovings. This is demonstrated by 70 percent of the country’s rare earth materials output being controlled by one single state-owned enterprise, the China Rare Earth Corporation.

This gives China a near monopoly in the supply of those rare earth materials, putting Chinese manufacturers at a competitive advantage. The OECD report finds that the cost of materials used in the production of wind turbines in OECD countries is almost 40 percent higher than those used in China.

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Europe’s Response: The Net Zero Industry Act

Europe wants to strengthen its domestic clean-tech manufacturing base. In 2024 the European Commission introduced the Net Zero Industry Act (NZIA), aiming to boost EU wind turbine manufacturing capacity to 36 GW by 2030.

Europe is on track to reach this target. Currently the European wind industry is investing more than 11 billion euros to expand existing factories and/or build new ones. But we must continue to implement the NZIA at pace to ensure that Europe is not leaving itself vulnerable to further market distortions. We must also accelerate the diversification of our raw material supply chains, promote innovation and streamline permitting processes to offer the pipeline of orders that Europe’s supply chain needs.

The success of the European wind manufacturing industry demands global cooperation, respect for market dynamics and the rule of international trade law. Moving forward, European policymakers must ensure global trade fairness that works for all.

Source: WindEnergy

Where Is The Global Climate Fight Leading Us?

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Louis-Maniquet)
Photo-illustration: Pixabay (unitea)

Climate change has been identified as one of the most serious challenges the world is currently facing. Its gravity was recognized long ago, as evidenced by the first United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP1), held in 1995 in Berlin. Since then, 29 conferences have taken place, yielding numerous vital agreements and decisions. Among these, the Paris Agreement stands out, adopted by 196 countries at the 2015 UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris. The key goal of the agreement is to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius by the end of this century. This objective has become the cornerstone of all subsequent conferences, including this year’s COP29, held in November in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.

The following text highlights some of the most significant decisions and achievements from this year’s conference.

Climate Financing

Climate financing, a critical topic during previous conferences, was prioritized at this year’s event. On the first day, Mukhtar Babayev, President of COP29, warned that current policies are leading to global warming of 3°C, which would have severe consequences. He emphasized the importance of achieving the New Collective Quantified Goal for climate financing (NCQG), which would set the financial contributions from developed countries to support developing nations. Babayev urged countries to update their climate contributions and national adaptation plans by 2025.

By the third day, the first draft decision on the NCQG was published, and by the end of the conference, discussions were facilitated to reach a final agreement.

Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) announced annual financial contributions of 120 billion dollars for low- and middle-income countries by 2030, including 42 billion dollars for adaptation and 65 billion dollars from the private sector. For high-income countries, 50 billion dollars was allocated, with seven billion dollars designated for adaptation and an additional 65 billion dollars mobilized from the private sector.

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Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Zhang-qc)

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has launched a program for sustainable water use and food security in Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and Pakistan to address the impact of glacier melting. The Green Climate Fund (GCF) supports the program, including risk assessments in Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. It plans to mobilize up to 3.5 billion dollars to support sustainable agriculture, water resources, and vulnerable communities in mountainous areas.

Azerbaijan’s banking sector has announced an allocation of 1.2 billion dollars by 2030 to support green and sustainable projects, aiming to transition the country to a low-carbon economy.

The most significant success in climate financing at COP29 is the full operationalization of the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage, which is now ready to receive contributions. The Fund’s establishment was agreed upon during COP27, and the first projects are expected to be funded in 2025. To date, pledged financial support exceeds 730 million dollars, with funds earmarked for small island states, least developed countries, and African nations.

Declarations and Initiatives Launched at COP29

Photo-illustration: Pixabay (nattanan23)

The opening days of the Conference were marked by the adoption of the Baku Declaration on Amplifying SIDS’ Voice. The declaration highlights the severity of climate change and its disproportionate impact on vulnerable groups, particularly small island developing states (SIDS). It calls for urgent action and robust international support to strengthen SIDS’ resilience to climate change and ensure a sustainable future.

The COP29 Presidency launched the Declaration on Reducing Methane from Organic Waste, supported by over 30 countries, including Serbia. The signatories, accounting for 47 percent of global methane emissions from this source, committed to setting sector-specific targets in future Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). This decision is critical to achieving the goals of the Global Methane Pledge initiated at COP26 in 2021, which aims to reduce at least 30 percent below 2020 levels by 2030.

Another significant moment was the launch of the Baku Call for Climate Action for Peace, Assistance, and Recovery (BCCAP), which aims to address the urgent links between climate change, conflict, and humanitarian needs. This initiative responds to the growing recognition that the adverse effects of climate change – such as water scarcity, food insecurity, land degradation, displacement, and livelihood disruptions – contribute to conflict and instability, particularly in vulnerable regions.

The Baku Climate and Peace Action Hub was established as part of the initiative. This platform coordinates activities to support the most vulnerable communities affected by climate and conflict-related crises.

Prepared by Katarina Vuinac

The story was published in the Energy portal Magazine RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS

NIS Submits Official Request for Postponement of U.S. Sanctions

Photo-illustration: Freepik (freepik)

The Petroleum Industry of Serbia (NIS) has officially submitted a request for the postponement of sanctions to the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the Ministry of Mining and Energy announced.

The statement notes that the request, supported by the governments of Serbia and Hungary, pertains to obtaining general or specific licenses that would allow NIS to maintain its operations while a suitable solution for ownership structure and management is sought. The goal is to ensure that the company, which is of regional and strategic importance for energy stability, continues to operate.

The Serbian government supports the request for such a permit for NIS, as sanctions would undermine the company’s ability to supply the citizens of Serbia with oil and petroleum products.

“Given the importance of NIS for both the Serbian and regional economies, we urgently request OFAC to consider immediate relief in the form of a postponement of sanctions for at least 90 days, while a sustainable solution leading to the lifting of sanctions is explored,” the statement said.

The Ministry of Mining and Energy recalls that U.S. officials have repeatedly emphasized that the sanctions are not directed against Serbia or its citizens.

“In line with this, we hope for a constructive continuation of the dialogue to avoid jeopardizing Serbia’s energy stability, as well as that of the entire region,” the statement added.

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NIS in 2024: Increased Investments, Weaker Financial Results, but Stable Operations

In the last quarter of 2024, the main priority for NIS was maintaining stability in the domestic petroleum derivatives market and completing one of the largest investment cycles in the company’s history. A total of 53.2 billion dinars was invested in development projects, marking a 36 percent increase compared to 2023, according to the company’s Q4 2024 report.

Despite the major overhaul of the Pančevo Oil Refinery and unfavorable market conditions, NIS achieved stable operational results. Crude oil and gas production in the fourth quarter reached 290 thousand conditional tons, while crude oil refining volumes increased by 5 percent compared to the previous year. Sales of petroleum products grew by 7 percent.

On the other hand, financial indicators declined compared to 2023. NIS Group’s net profit amounted to 10.1 billion dinars, a 77 percent decrease, while EBITDA fell by 35 percent. Tax and other public revenue obligations increased by 7 percent, reaching 260.5 billion dinars.

During 2024, NIS successfully completed its first corporate bond issuance, further diversifying its sources of financing and reducing bank exposure. Additionally, the company continued its energy transition efforts by installing solar power plants at 45 gas stations and at the “Jazak” water production facility. As part of the “Together for the Community” program, NIS supported 40 solar power plant construction projects across 13 cities and municipalities.

Energy portal

EU Helps Moldova Address Energy Crisis

Photo-illustration: Freepik (freepik)

The Moldovan government declared a state of emergency in mid-December 2024 to respond to the energy crisis caused by the disruption of Russian gas supplies. This decision came as a result of difficulties arising after the five-year agreement for the transit of Russian gas through Ukraine was not renewed. The hardest hit was the de facto breakaway region of Transnistria, a traditionally dependent area that previously received affordable or even free Russian gas through Ukraine.

Although internationally unrecognized, Transnistria has functioned separately from Moldova since the early 1990s. For years, Transnistria relied on Russian gas as the key driver of its fragile economy. Meanwhile, Moldova has managed to diversify its previous dependence on Russian energy sources, while Transnistria has remained almost entirely reliant on Russian supplies.

A particular challenge lies in the fact that Moldova’s largest gas-fired power plant is located in Transnistria and supplies energy to the rest of the country. When Russia officially cut off all gas supplies to Transnistria in early January 2025, citing unpaid debts and the halt of gas transit through Ukraine, Moldova’s overall energy stability was put at risk. The Transnistrian power plant switched to coal, but electricity production was insufficient to meet the needs of both the region itself and the rest of Moldova.

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To mitigate the crisis, the Moldovan government launched an operation to redirect gas to Transnistria, which has been facing severe issues with heating, hot water, and power outages since January. Facing the Russian supply cut-off via Ukraine, officials in Chișinău requested financial assistance from the European Union. The EU approved €30 million in emergency funding for gas procurement in Transnistria, aiming to prevent further deepening of the energy crisis and political tensions in the region.

Measures to counter the crisis have been approved, with the allocated gas supply to the region not exceeding three million cubic meters per day. According to the plan, Transnistria is expected to receive this supply until at least February 10, with financial assistance and gas purchases supported by the EU. This has temporarily restored essential services for approximately half a million residents in the area.

On January 1, Russia’s Gazprom completely halted gas deliveries to Transnistria, citing a debt dispute with Moldova’s pro-European government in Chișinău and the halt of gas transit through Ukraine as key reasons. As Gazprom refused to consider alternative supply routes, Moldova had to act swiftly, with EU support, to find a solution for residents facing an unprecedented energy crisis.

For now, temporary energy supply has been secured through joint efforts by Moldova and the EU, helping Transnistria’s population avoid the worst consequences during the harsh winter months.

Energy portal

Choose the Right Path to the Electric Future

Photo: Charge&GO
Photo: Charge&GO

People are constantly looking for ways to save. Although we often hesitate to invest significant funds if the return period is long, electric vehicles—which will gradually become more accessible—prove to be an option that offers advantages even when considering short-term effects. In our region, there is still skepticism toward electric vehicles, often supported by the usual tendency of people to look for and absorb only information that confirms their original and, of course, always correct opinion.

Therefore, a handful of arguments such as ‘there are not enough chargers for all users’ or ‘electric vehicles are not practical for long journeys’ often overshadow the numerous advantages, like reduced noise and pollution, savings on charging compared to fuel costs, and other benefits. It is precisely these kinds of established arguments that Charge&GO, a company that has been developing a network of chargers and supporting electric vehicle drivers in Serbia for years, whether they are local drivers or transit users, aims to address. The invested effort is paying off – the number of charging sessions has increased from just a few dozen in 2020 to tens of thousands in 2024.

Due to its regenerative braking function, an electric car is a lifesaver for those regularly stuck in city traffic. When we also consider highly volatile fuel prices and the announcements from the relevant ministry about all the benefits expected for electric car owners – such as lower tolls and free parking – the savings would indeed be evident with every kilometer traveled. While there is still plenty of room to improve infrastructure, regulations, and other aspects, it cannot be denied that Serbia is making great strides towards electromobility.

If we consider fuel prices, which are very unstable, and the announcements of the relevant ministry about all the benefits awaiting electric car owners – such as lower tolls and free parking- the savings would be evident on every kilometer of the road. Although there is a lot of room for improving infrastructure, regulations, and other issues, the fact that Serbia is making great strides towards electromobility cannot be denied.

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Easier Driving with the Charge&GO App

Charge&GO offers a solution that eliminates the worry of having enough funds in your account when recharging your vehicle’s battery. With over 4,500 users, their app allows for easy and efficient charging management. Thanks to integration with the largest e-roaming platform, users can create an account on the platform and gain access to a network of 400,000 chargers across Europe. After registration, users can enjoy specific benefits and better charging prices.

Chargers can be easily located via the map on the app, where users can check availability, connector type, and prices. Payment is automatically processed from the user’s account after entering the payment card. There is an option for one-time payments for those who do not wish to register. Additionally, Charge&GO’s customer support is available 24/7 for any questions or issues.

Call for Proposals and Collaboration

The Charge&GO company invites interested parties to submit proposals for new charger locations via the e-mail address elektropunjaci@ chargego.rs and request offers for the integration of their chargers into the Charge&GO platform.

Additionally, the company offers installation of chargers on a turnkey basis, whether AC or DC models. The expert team conducts an on-site evaluation, assesses the location, and handles the entire project – from planning to installation. For anyone who is not sure how to start the charging process or has any doubts, Charge&GO engineers are available to provide answers to all questions.

Whether at gas stations, business premises, hotels, or home setups, Charge&GO provides solutions tailored to users’ needs and capacities. By constantly expanding the network, the company is working to overcome misconceptions and make e-mobility a practical and accessible option for everyone. With its efforts, Charge&GO enables users to enjoy the everyday benefits of electric driving.

Prepared by Milica Vučković

The story was published in the Energy portal Magazine RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS

World Wetlands Day – Wetlands Are More Important Than We Think

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (jordan-whitfield)
Photo-illustration: Unsplash (brecht-denil)

World Wetlands Day is observed on February 2, marking the anniversary of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, signed in 1971. Every year on this day, the importance of these ecosystems is highlighted. Although wetlands cover just over 6 percent of the Earth’s land surface, they provide a habitat for 40 percent of all plant and animal species.

Wetlands are among the most efficient natural carbon storage systems. In low-oxygen conditions, plants in wetlands absorb CO₂ through photosynthesis but decompose slowly, trapping carbon in the soil. However, climate change (droughts, floods) can disrupt this process by drying out wetlands and releasing large amounts of CO₂ into the atmosphere.

Wetlands are often mistakenly perceived as barren and useless land, yet they play a crucial role: they absorb excess water during heavy rainfall, reducing the risk of floods, while gradually releasing water during dry periods. They filter and purify water, provide shelter for rare and endangered species of plants, birds, and fish, and prevent soil erosion by stabilizing shorelines and reducing land runoff.

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Photo-illustration: Unsplash (jeffrey-eisen)

However, wetlands are the most endangered ecosystems on Earth—since 1970, 35 percent of wetland areas have been lost, while some estimates indicate that more than one-third of the world’s wetlands have disappeared in the past 50 years. The causes are numerous: agricultural expansion, urbanization, pollution, climate change, and uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources. More than a billion people—approximately one in eight worldwide—directly depend on wetlands for agriculture, fishing, or tourism, meaning their disappearance threatens livelihoods as well.

Wetlands are found on every continent except Antarctica and, although they cover a small portion of the Earth’s surface, they play a vital role in climate stability, biodiversity, and human well-being. The latest data on their accelerated loss highlight the urgent need for their conservation and restoration. With better education, stricter protection measures, and increased awareness, wetlands can continue to protect us, provide food, and support sustainable development.

Energy portal

Supporting the Development of Sustainable Solutions

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Marvin Meyer)

The fight to preserve nature demonstrates that true success requires dedication, courage, innovation, and, above all, collective action, as these challenges surpass the capabilities of individuals or single nations. In a world grappling with such challenges, countless ideas are born. Many have the will, knowledge, and concepts that could contribute to solutions, but these often remain unrealized visions due to a lack of necessary support and resources.

This need was recognized in 2011, and the Innovation Fund was established to enhance Serbia’s innovation ecosystem. The Fund provides financial, mentoring, and advisory support to innovative teams, startups, small and medium-sized enterprises, and research organizations that develop new products, technologies, and business models. By fostering collaboration between academia and the business sector and applying ethical and professional standards, the Fund is a key pillar for creating sustainable solutions that change the world.

We spoke with Milena Kostadinović, Special Advisor for International Cooperation at the Innovation Fund, about the Fund’s activities and the importance of the innovations it supports.

From its inception, the Fund has been tasked with driving the development of innovative entrepreneurship by encouraging community funding and enabling the creation of market-ready solutions. The foundations for a dynamic innovation ecosystem have been laid through appropriate financial mechanisms, now encompassing numerous support organizations, developed infrastructure, competitions, and access to diverse funding sources.

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The Fund’s support plays a crucial role in fostering economic and social development and improving environmental protection. The innovative projects it finances contribute to economic growth, job creation, increased competitiveness of domestic businesses, and the strengthening of a knowledge-based economy. Innovations in healthcare, education, and digitalization enhance the quality of life. At the same time, the environmental dimension of its support is reflected in the active financing of green technologies and sustainable solutions that reduce negative environmental impacts.

Notably, the Fund independently assesses the environmental and societal impact of all projects submitted for support, regardless of their field, and only supports those without negative impact.

The growing number of applications to their programs confirms the increasing interest in innovation projects in Serbia, particularly in the fields of digital technologies, sustainable solutions, and artificial intelligence.

“These projects have significant potential for entering international markets, further motivating businesses to improve their operations and achieve global success.”

Prepared by Katarina Vuinac

The story was published in the Energy portal Magazine RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS

Bulgaria Aims to Become the First Country in Europe with a Functional AP1000 Reactor

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (lukas-lehotsky)

Bulgaria has longstanding experience in nuclear energy, and the implementation of the project for the construction of new nuclear capacities is of strategic importance not only for the country but also for the Southeastern European region, stated Zhecho Stankov, Bulgaria’s Minister of Energy.

He emphasized the importance of the effective participation of Bulgarian companies in the construction of the seventh and eighth units at the Kozloduy nuclear power plant site, highlighting that the implementation process will be based on quality, speed, and competitive pricing.

According to the website of the Bulgarian Ministry of Energy, the Bulgarian side will take all necessary steps to accelerate the implementation process.

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The minister also stressed that the project must comply with the Bulgarian legal framework and standards while adhering to international safety and environmental protection norms.

“Bulgaria’s ambition is to be the first country in Europe with a functional AP1000 reactor. I expect that together we will turn the project for new capacities in Kozloduy into a symbol of success and a benchmark for nuclear power plant contract implementation, not only in Europe but globally,” minister Stankov added.

Energy portal

FIAT Grande Panda Arrives in Europe in March 2025 – Prices Revealed

Photo: FIAT Grande Panda

FIAT has officially announced the arrival of the Grande Panda model on the European market in March 2025. With this model, FIAT returns to the B-segment, where it has been a leader for decades, selling over 23 million vehicles across Europe, according to a statement from Stellantis.

The Grande Panda is built on Stellantis‘ global multi-energy platform and comes in two versions—fully electric and hybrid. The electric model will be available in Grande Panda La Prima and (Grande Panda) RED versions, with a starting price of under 25,000 euros. The hybrid version will be offered in three trims—Pop, Icon, and La Prima—starting at under 19,000 euros.

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Designed in Turin, the Grande Panda draws inspiration from the iconic 1980s Panda while incorporating modern technological advancements. The electric version features a 44 kWh battery with a range of up to 320 km, along with an 83 kW (113 hp) electric motor. The maximum speed of the electric model is 132 km/h, with acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h in 11 seconds.

The model is equipped with an innovative built-in retractable cable for AC charging at the front, allowing the battery to be recharged from 20 to 80 percent in just over four hours. Alternatively, customers can choose a rear charging port with 11 kW power, enabling the same charge in two hours and 50 minutes. A DC fast-charging port with 100 kW power is also included as standard, enabling a 20 to 80 percent charge in just 27 minutes.

The Grande Panda will be available in dealerships across Europe starting in March 2025. A particular focus has been placed on affordability, one of the brand’s key values, allowing customers to participate in the electric transition at an accessible price.

Energy portal

Public Call for the Reclamation of a Non-Sanitary Landfill in Pirot – Plans for a Solar Power Plant Construction

Photo-illustration: Pixabay (Pexels)

The Regional Landfill Pirot has announced a public call for the development of a project for the remediation and reclamation of a former non-sanitary landfill in the city. The plan is to construct a solar power plant on the site, repurposing the degraded area for clean energy production.

According to the technical documentation of the public call, the non-sanitary landfill is located within the current industrial zone, approximately 400 meters from the nearest residential buildings. It was in use from 1990 to 2013, but after the opening of the Regional Landfill Pirot in 2013, the site was no longer used for waste disposal.

The proximity of the Nišava River, which at its closest point is only 100 meters from the landfill, further emphasizes the need for adequate remediation measures to prevent negative environmental impacts.

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To prevent the spread of unpleasant odors and the scattering of lightweight waste by the wind, landfill deposits were intermittently covered with clay and soil materials. The landfill body is now largely covered with a layer of soil and overgrown with low vegetation.

The waste-affected area covers approximately five hectares, with a landfill waste layer reaching a depth of up to 10 meters.

The primary goal of the public call is to identify the optimal technical solution for the site’s remediation and reclamation, as well as its future use. The City of Pirot plans to apply sustainable development principles by installing solar panels at this location, making Pirot another positive example of environmentally responsible resource management. In addition to constructing a solar power plant, the reclaimed area could also be utilized for other industrial, business, or commercial purposes.

The deadline for submitting applications is February 10, 2025, by 11:00 AM.

Energy portal

Microbes in Action: Nature’s Fighters Against Air Pollution

Photo: ChatGPT

Imagine this: trillions of microbes are constantly working to remove toxic gases from the air, and we are completely unaware of it.

Scientists from Monash University in Melbourne have discovered that microbes use an enzyme called CO dehydrogenase to consume carbon monoxide (CO) and use it for their survival. This deadly gas, which is released into the atmosphere in quantities exceeding two billion tons each year, is partially neutralized thanks to microbes, which consume around 250 million tons annually. In doing so, they not only sustain themselves but also help reduce pollution and, consequently, global warming.

„This enzyme is used by trillions of microbes in soil and water. They consume carbon monoxide for their survival, but in the process, they unintentionally help us,” explains Ashleigh Kropp, co-author of the study.

On the other hand, the lead author of the study, Dr. David Gillett, emphasizes that this is a fantastic example of microbial ingenuity—how life has found a way to turn something toxic into something useful.

„These microbes help clean our atmosphere”, says Dr. Gillett. „Their activity counteracts air pollution, which claims millions of lives every year, while also reducing global warming, as carbon monoxide is indirectly a greenhouse gas.”

Although it is unlikely that this discovery will be directly utilized to combat CO emissions, it deepens our understanding of atmospheric processes and allows us to better predict how the planet will respond to future changes.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Reflecting on this discovery, I realized how little we actually know about microbes and their role in our ecosystem. Carbon monoxide is a highly dangerous gas produced by the combustion of fossil fuels, wildfires, and volcanic eruptions. It is colorless and odorless, but it binds to hemoglobin in the blood more quickly than oxygen, which can lead to serious poisoning or even death. However, microbes have developed a way to use it as an energy source, helping to maintain the chemical balance of the atmosphere.

Although we often associate microbes with invisible organisms that cause numerous diseases, they are actually the foundation of life on Earth! Did you know that they produce half of the oxygen we breathe? Yes, microorganisms in the oceans, such as cyanobacteria, are responsible for a significant portion of the oxygen on our planet. Moreover, they play a key role in waste decomposition, nutrient recycling, and even in the fermentation process of the food we consume daily.

Thanks to researchers like those in Melbourne, we are beginning to understand just how crucial microbes are to our planet. While we cannot directly harness their ability to break down carbon monoxide to solve pollution problems, this knowledge can help in modeling future ecological strategies. Imagine a world where we could stimulate certain microbes to more efficiently remove pollutants from the atmosphere!

Milena Maglovski

EU Competitiveness Compass – A Strategic Framework for Innovation, Decarbonization, and Security

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Maximalfocus)

The European Union faces challenges that threaten to undermine its long-term economic growth and competitiveness on the global stage. To address this, the European Commission has introduced the Competitiveness Compass, the first major strategic framework of its mandate, aimed at ensuring that Europe becomes a leader in future technologies, services, and clean products. At the same time, the Compass seeks to make Europe the first continent to achieve climate neutrality.

As a reminder, Mario Draghi, former President of the European Central Bank, was tasked by the European Commission with preparing a report on his personal vision for the future of European competitiveness. Published last year, the Draghi Report analyzed the challenges faced by industries and companies within the single market, particularly over the past two decades, during which the EU has struggled to keep pace with other major economies. Importantly, the report identifies three key areas crucial for the EU’s future growth: innovation, decarbonization, and security.

The Competitiveness Compass has been developed based on this report, outlining concrete approaches and measures to drive progress in these three key areas.

Innovation: Revitalizing the European Innovation Engine

To address the first area, the EU must rekindle its innovation engine by creating space for young startups, promoting industrial leadership in high-growth sectors based on deep technologies, and expanding technological adoption across small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To achieve this, the European Commission will propose initiatives such as AI gigafactories and Apply AI, focusing on the development and deployment of artificial intelligence in key sectors.

Decarbonization: Ensuring a Competitive Transition

Photo-illustration: Pixabay (distelAPPArath)

Regarding decarbonization, high and volatile energy prices are highlighted as major challenges in the Compass. The upcoming Clean Industrial Deal, an initiative of the European Commission, will outline a competitiveness-based approach to decarbonization, making the EU an attractive location for production, including energy-intensive industries. Additionally, the initiative will promote clean technologies and new circular business models.

The Affordable Energy Action Plan will work to reduce energy prices and costs, while the Industrial Decarbonization Acceleration Act will expedite permitting processes for transitioning sectors. The Competitiveness Compass also envisions specialized action plans for energy-intensive sectors such as steel, metals, and chemicals, which are crucial for the European manufacturing system but are particularly vulnerable in the decarbonization process.

Security: Reducing Dependence and Strengthening Resilience

To enhance security and reduce dependency, the EU will rely on effective partnerships. Currently, the EU boasts the world’s largest network of trade agreements, covering 76 countries. To further strengthen supply chains and boost economic resilience, the Competitiveness Compass introduces new Clean Trade and Investment Partnerships to secure access to raw materials, clean energy, and sustainable fuels.

Furthermore, the EU will revise its public procurement rules to ensure that European companies, especially those in critical sectors and technologies, receive preferential treatment within the single market.

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Horizontal Factors for Competitiveness

Beyond the three key areas, the Competitiveness Compass is built upon five horizontal factors essential for sustaining competitiveness across all sectors.

  1. Simplification: Reducing Administrative Burdens

The first factor focuses on simplification by reducing administrative obstacles, facilitating easier access to EU funds, and accelerating decision-making processes. The Competitiveness Compass sets a goal of reducing administrative burdens by at least 25 percent for businesses and 35 percent for SMEs.

  1. Strengthening the Single Market

The second factor addresses barriers within the single market by modernizing governance frameworks, eliminating internal EU barriers, and preventing the emergence of new ones. Additionally, the European Commission aims to make standard-setting faster and more accessible, particularly for SMEs and startups.

  1. Financing Competitiveness

The third horizontal factor relates to financing, recognizing that the EU lacks an efficient capital market that channels savings into investments. In response, the Commission will introduce an EU savings and investment initiative, designed to create new savings and investment products, promote venture capital, and ensure smooth investment flows. A restructured EU budget will facilitate easier access to funds in alignment with Union priorities.

  1. Skills and Quality Jobs

The foundation of Europe’s competitiveness is its people. To bridge the gap between skills and labor market demands, the European Commission will launch the Skills Union Initiative. This initiative will focus on investment in education, lifelong learning, and upskilling, ensuring a workforce prepared for the future. Key areas include retaining talent, fair mobility, attracting and integrating skilled workers from abroad, and recognizing diverse forms of training to enable cross-border employment.

  1. Better Policy Coordination

Finally, improving policy coordination at the EU and national levels will be essential. To achieve this, the European Commission will introduce a Competitiveness Coordination Tool, which will enhance collaboration among EU member states in implementing common policies. This tool will also help identify cross-border projects of European interest and facilitate continued reforms and investments.

Energy portal

Shale as a New Potential in Kazakhstan’s Energy Sector

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay

Kazakhstan has recently announced a completely new step in its energy sector – the launch of commercial shale exploitation. This is a method of oil extraction that differs from conventional practices. Shale, a type of rock, has a high organic matter content, making it suitable for the production of shale oil and gas. However, hydrocarbons in shale are not readily available in reservoirs but are instead trapped within the rock.

Kazakhstan has decided to initiate this project, scheduled to begin this year, primarily due to economic and financial challenges in this energy-rich country, as reported by foreign media.

Oil and gas already account for a significant portion of Kazakhstan’s GDP, approximately one-fifth. However, shale oil represents a completely new opportunity for diversifying energy sources. To achieve this, technologically demanding methods such as hydraulic fracturing will need to be applied to access deeper geological layers and extract oil that was previously considered inaccessible.

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The core of the method involves injecting a mixture of water, sand, and specific chemicals through a well at extremely high pressure. This process creates fractures in the rock, allowing oil and gas to seep out to the surface. However, this technology often sparks debate—while some emphasize its energy benefits and increased economic independence, others warn about potential environmental risks, including seismic activity and groundwater contamination.

Despite these concerns, it is becoming increasingly evident that Kazakhstan is making significant efforts to maintain market stability and enhance investment opportunities. The country already adheres to agreed oil production quotas through its OPEC+ membership, given its abundant energy resources, but this method opens up further possibilities.

Energy portal

Recycling as the Key to Sustainable Development

Photo: Sekopak
Photo: Sekopak

Sekopak, a leading operator of the packaging waste management system in Serbia, has contributed to environmental preservation for over 18 years through innovation, responsible business practices, and efficient recycling. The company, which has set high industry standards through its work, not only helps reduce the ecological footprint but also actively educates citizens and businesses about the importance of sustainability and recycling.

Violeta Belanović, General Manager of Sekopak, reveals how the company implements a responsible approach to business, her perspective on developing the waste management sector in Serbia, and the key innovations shaping the future of recycling and environmental protection.

Q: What does a responsible business approach mean to you, and how do you implement it at Sekopak?

A: For Sekopak, a responsible business approach means actively contributing to environmental preservation through innovation, transparency, and collaboration with key partners. As an operator of the packaging waste management system, our mission is to enable an efficient and sustainable system. We support all our collaborators in this system. Over the past 18 years, we have recycled more than one million tons of packaging waste, directly contributing to reducing carbon dioxide emissions and developing the circular economy in Serbia.

Throughout these years, we have consistently highlighted the benefits of recycling and sustainable business practices. Those who analyze corporate social responsibility have confirmed that these are not just words. EcoVadis awarded Sekopak a gold certificate for corporate social responsibility, placing us among the top five percent of companies across all categories that meet the highest criteria for social responsibility. Additionally, Sekopak is one of the first companies to adopt new ISO standards in the field of circular economy.

IN FOCUS:

Q: How has the packaging waste management and recycling sector in Serbia developed over the past few years?

 A: In recent years, we have witnessed significant progress in the packaging waste management sector. Last year, new targets for reducing municipal packaging waste were adopted, placing additional demands on operators while presenting challenges that drive us to improve the system. Currently, 67 percent of packaging waste in Serbia is recycled, which is a good result, especially considering that the system was established only 14 years ago. Achieving these goals requires the synergy of all stakeholders to ensure the system’s sustainability. We notice strong interest from all sides, and it will soon become more apparent how the system will function following the adoption of the Regulation on the Determination of the Packaging Waste Reduction Plan for the 2025–2029 period.

Q: What recycling and environmental protection innovations are most important to your company?

A: Even when everything is running smoothly, asking how we can improve is crucial. If we hadn’t strived for innovation, we wouldn’t be where we are today—industry leaders for the ninth consecutive year. One of the innovations introduced by Sekopak in Serbia is recycling machines. Citizens of Novi Sad, Kragujevac, Aranđelovac, and Niš have deposited over 500,000 packaging units into these machines so far, demonstrating the potential of new technologies. We have learned a lot through projects involving smart recycling and will continue to learn as technology advances. Moreover, we invest in digital communication channels, such as TikTok, to capture the attention of younger generations. We believe that an innovative approach to communication and education is crucial for motivating citizens to recycle.

Interview by Milica Radičević

The inteview was published in the Energy portal Magazine RESPONSIBLE BUSINESS

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