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May Announces £60m Fund to Clear Oceans of Plastic ‘Scourge’

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Prime Minister Theresa May has pledged £61.4m in funding to turn the tide against ocean plastic, as part of a new initiative from Commonwealth countries to tackle the problem.

Announcing the move on Saturday, May dubbed plastic waste a “scourge” on the world’s oceans and promised to harness collective action from Commonwealth nations to “effect real change”.

The cash will be split into three pots: £25m into scientific, economic and social research to address sources of plastic waste, £20m to stop plastic pollution from manufacturing in developing countries, and £16.4m to improve waste management in the UK, particularly in cities.

The PM will use a meeting of the 52 Commonwealth nations in London today to urge other countries to join the anti-plastic fight, under a new campaign from the UK and island state Vanuatu dubbed the Commonwealth Clean Oceans Alliance (CCOA).

May hopes other Commonwealth nations will join the CCOA and follow in the footsteps of the UK on tackling plastic waste, by implementing measures such as a microbeads ban or plastic bag charges. New Zealand, Sri Lanka and Ghana have already joined, Downing Street said on Saturday.

“This week we will look closely at how we can tackle the many threats to the health of the world’s oceans, including the scourge of marine plastic pollution,” she said in advance of the summit this week.

“As one of the most significant environmental challenges facing the world today it is vital that we tackle this issue, so that future generations can enjoy a natural environment that is healthier than we currently find it.”

Poor waste management is the single leading cause of plastics in the ocean, and improving waste infrastructure in developing countries will be a major focus of the CCOA, according to Downing Street.

For example, the Department for International Development will fund pilot programmes in up to three Commonwealth developing countries to tackle waste from cities that often ends up in waterways.

Earlier this year the UK promised to eliminate “unnecessary” single-use plastics in the UK by 2042. The pledge came in response to an unprecedented public outcry over the issue following the broadcast of the BBC’s Blue Planet II documentary, which exposed the devastating impact plastic waste is having on ocean wildlife, and high-profile campaigns such as Sky’s Ocean Rescue initiative.

Although measures to hike taxes on single-use plastics are still under development, the response from the business world to anti-plastic sentiment has been dramatic, with firms from PG Tips to Iceland pledging to cut down – or outlaw altogether – single-use plastics from their operations.

Meanwhile, campaigners show no signs of easing up on the issue. Today Sky announced National Geographic has pledged $10m towards the broadcaster’s Sky Ocean Ventures, an investment arm dedicated to supporting business ideas to tackle ocean plastic.

The cash will be used for grants, innovation challenges and events to raise the profile of the plastic problem and fund the development of alternative materials and new, zero-waste manufacturing processes.

Source: businessgreen.com

Alaskan Glaciers Have Not Melted This Fast in at Least Four Centuries

Photo: Pixabay
Photo: Pixabay

Rising temperatures are causing glaciers in Alaska’s Denali National Park to melt faster than at any time in the past 400 years, according to new research.

The study was published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, a journal of the American Geophysical Union in March. The Earth science organization released details about the research Tuesday.

“We have not seen snow melt like this in at least four centuries,” lead author Dominic Winski, a glaciologist at Dartmouth College, told USA Today.

For the study, Winski and 11 other researchers from Dartmouth College, the University of Maine and the University of New Hampshire examined ice cores drilled from the summit of Mt. Hunter in June 2013.

The ice cores gave the scientists a record of temperatures and climate conditions on the mountain dating back to the mid-17th century. For instance, dark bands of ice with no bubbles indicated that snow on the glacier melted in past summers before re-freezing.

When analyzing the bands, the scientists determined that the site’s summers are at least 2.2-3.6 degrees Fahrenheit warmer now than summers during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries. Additionally, rising temperatures are melting 60 times more snow on Mt. Hunter than at the start of Industrial Revolution 150 years ago.

The researchers concluded that the tropical Pacific Ocean, which is warming due to increased greenhouse gas emissions, is contributing to the unprecedented melting of Mt. Hunter’s glaciers.

Winski explained that warmer tropics lead to higher atmospheric pressures and more sunny days over the Alaska Range, which contributes to more glacial melting in the summer.

“This adds to the growing body of research showing that changes in the tropical Pacific can manifest in changes across the globe,” Luke Trusel, a glaciologist at Rowan University in Glassboro, New Jersey who was not involved with the study, said in a statement. “It’s adding to the growing picture that what we’re seeing today is unusual.”

It is important to understand how mountain glaciers are affected by climate change because they provide fresh water to many communities and their melting can contribute to sea level rise, Winski noted.

“The natural climate system has changed since the onset of the anthropogenic era,” he said. “In the North Pacific, this means temperature and precipitation patterns are different today than they were during the preindustrial period.”

Source: ecowatch.com

MHI Vestas Unveils New SMART Tools For Turbine Optimisation & Cost Reductions

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

MHI Vestas Offshore Wind unveiled a new suite of next-generation SMART tools this week that are designed to enhance offshore wind turbine optimization and provide better turbine monitoring, thereby allowing for “significant” cost savings for developers and operators.

Announced on Wednesday, MHI Vestas unveiled its MVOW SMART Turbine products, a new trademark suite of tools that will provide customers with the tools to enhance design assessments, offshore wind turbine monitoring, and real-time decision-making. According to the company, it is “pushing boundaries inside the turbine and could now lay claim to having the world’s smartest available turbine.”

“We are not content to just manufacture the world’s most powerful turbine,” boasted Henrik Baek Jorgensen, Head of Product Management, referring to the recent installation of an MHI Vestas V164-8.8 MW offshore wind turbine at the European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre (EOWDC). “We know that our customers require world-class production and operation of the turbine in every area. This product portfolio addresses their most critical business needs and gives them an unprecedented level of visibility and control.”

MHI Vestas’ new MVOW SMART Turbine suite is made up of four separate products:

SMART Foundation Loads, which optimizes foundation design upfront. The software package will allow MHI Vestas customers to perform integrated load design simulations prior to undertaking detailed load assessments, using a range of options and scenarios.

SMART Dampers are designed to actively reduce fatigue loads. Active SMART Dampers reduce fatigue and design loads by reducing the side-to-side and fore-aft movements of the tower and also help to extend the use of monopile foundations to more challenging sites where rougher conditions can cause heavier loads.

SMART Fast Data is billed as being able to dramatically increase the data flow from the turbine. Receiving data frequency 600 times faster than traditional SCADA methods from the nearly 1000 sensors in a turbine, the tool unlocks hidden insights, enhances diagnostic capability, and optimizes scheduled service.

SMART Performance Monitor brings wind power plant monitoring to a hand-held device. Feeding real-time information on turbine performance, site production, and operational notifications to any mobile device, the Performance Monitor puts the wind park into the customer’s pocket.

“Our ambition is to not only have the most powerful products, but also the smartest products in offshore wind,” Jorgensen added. “This portfolio is the latest example of how we’re taking digitalisation to the next level and reflects our singular commitment to optimise our customers’ business case.”

The move comes on the heel of several recent MHI Vestas announcements which underline the company’s plans to continually develop new and groundbreaking technologies, while at the same time expanding its share into new global markets. As mentioned, an MHI Vestas V164-8.8 MW wind turbine was recently successfully installed at the European Offshore Wind Deployment Centre off the coast of Scotland — the most powerful wind turbine to be deployed for commercial application.

Towards the end of March, MHI Vestas also signed four separate Memorandums of Understanding with companies in Taiwan to begin building out its supply chain in the region. Taiwan has been a recent hotbed of offshore wind industry attention, and MHI Vestas has been quick to similarly jump into the region.

Source: cleantechnica.com

Pakistan Can Spur Social & Economic Development With Renewable Energy, Claims IRENA

photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The International Renewable Energy Agency has published a new analysis of Pakistan’s energy sector which shows that the country can spur both social and economic development and improve its energy security by developing its “abundant” renewable energy sources.

In a new report published earlier this week, Renewables Readiness Assessment Pakistan, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) made the case for developing Pakistan’s “abundant renewable energy resources that can be utilised for power generation and end-use sectors.” Specifically, there is a significant need to address what the authors of the report described as “a widening gap between power demand and generation” that stems from “continued growth in energy demand and inadequate investment in generation infrastructure.” Specifically, Pakistan’s gap between demand and supply reached as much as 7 gigawatts (GW) in 2012, but slowly swung back to between 4 GW and 6 GW.

Unsurprisingly, this is not just a matter of statistics, and instead has a direct impact on the lives of Pakistanis and the economic and social development of the country.

According to IRENA, hydropower has traditionally been Pakistan’s predominant form of renewable energy and makes up 7.1 GW worth of the country’s grid-connected capacity, but could be expanded to up to 60 GW. IRENA’s assessment of Pakistan’s renewable energy potential also identified 50 GW of possible wind energy capacity and up to 25 million tonnes of biomass feedstocks from industrial and agricultural residue per year.

Currently, Pakistan has nearly 600 megawatts (MW) of wind power, 400 MW of solar PV, 50 MW of small hydropower, and 160 MW from biomass. Further, Pakistan has another 2,000 MW worth of renewable energy currently under development.

Looking at solar PV specifically, the authors of the report highlight the country’s high levels of solar irradiation, specifically in the country’s south and southwest. While no specific GW capacity was given, the authors of the report also pointed to several letters of intent across several states which are paving the way for more solar capacity in the near-future. Pakistan’s solar industry is still in its early stages, but it still boasts employment of more than 15,500 people, most of which are involved in small-scale residential and commercial deployment.

“Pakistan is undergoing rapid economic and industrial development, which in turn is fuelling strong energy demand growth across the country,” said Adnan Z. Amin, IRENA Director-General. “To meet this demand Pakistan has a tremendous opportunity to cost-effectively tap its abundant solar, wind and hydropower resource potential. Doing so would support national prosperity and job creation, whilst enhancing security of supply, improving access and moving Pakistan towards greater energy independence.”

“Pakistan is rich in renewable energy potential, and can with this assessment develop policies, investment opportunities and energy development actions to harness it,” said Abid Sher Ali, Pakistan’s Minister of State for Power. “Critical to this report has been IRENA’s valuable policy guidance and technical assistance to determine our best available renewable-based power options.”

Source: cleantechnica.com

Siemens Gamesa Passes 5,000 Megawatts Commissioned In India

Photo illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy this week announced that it had passed 5,000 megawatts (MW) worth of wind energy connected to the Indian grid, becoming the second largest manufacturer in India.

Announced on Thursday to coincide with a visit to India by Markus Tacke, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy’s CEO, the company revealed that it had successfully connected 5,000 MW to the Indian grid since first entering the company’s wind market in 2009. Since then, Siemens Gamesa has become the second largest wind energy original equipment manufacturer (OEM) based on cumulative installed capacity, and has been the market leader for the past three years.

Specifically, Siemens Gamesa has operations across seven key states for wind energy in India, and a strong industrial presence across the country, with two blade facilities in Nellore (Andra Pradesh) and Halol (Gujarat), a nacelle factory in Mamandur (Chennai, Tamil Nadu), and a repair center in Red Hills (Chennai, Tamil Nadu).

“It is encouraging to see our incremental growth in India over the years. India is a key market for us and will continue to be one for years to come,” said Markus Tacke. “The global wind market dynamics are changing and so is the change occurring in India. Hence, it is imperative for us to respond to the market with more agility, better products and comprehensive digital intelligence which will set us to the path for strong profitable growth, and our L3AD2020 program will set us on track to global leadership.”

“With a dynamic market scenario like ours, we will be introducing new technologies and products specifically designed for the Indian wind and market conditions, thus delivering more value for our customers,” added Ramesh Kymal, Siemens Gamesa Onshore CEO for India.

Source: cleantechnica.com

2 Kilometers of Electrified Road in Sweden — A Pilot for EV-Charging Roads

Foto: eRoad Arlanda
Photo: eRoad Arlanda

An “electrified road” that allows vehicles to charge en route has opened near Stockholm Airport in Sweden. It’s currently a 2 kilometer stretch along a high-traffic shipping route.

The constant flow of trucks shuttling containers and loads of cargo between the Stockholm Arlanda Airport and a nearby shipping hub made it an easy target for the pilot project. The effort, naturally, is part of Sweden’s efforts to slash consumption of imported fossil fuels used for transportation. Aside from climate and air quality concerns, this is part of a larger energy independence initiative.

The system uses 50 meter segments of fixed tracks of electrified rails that are physically installed into the road itself. Those are then energized when a vehicle is overhead looking to charge. Communications between the vehicle and the system monitor usage of the system. Thus, drivers or fleet managers can be billed for energy consumption.

Hans Säll, chief executive of the consortium managing the initial phase of the electrified road, believes the technology is also very safe: “There is no electricity on the surface. There are two tracks, just like an outlet in the wall. Five or six centimetres down is where the electricity is. But if you flood the road with salt water then we have found that the electricity level at the surface is just one volt. You could walk on it barefoot.”

Leaders in the space believe that installing fixed charging infrastructure along high-traffic routes would allow drivers to purchase electric vehicles with smaller batteries, lowering the amount of non-value add weight and lowering upfront capital purchase costs.

Scrolling through the project timeline for eRoad Arlanda shows both the long history of electric vehicles and the rapid progress in the last 18 months, with new pilots and products evolving rapidly.

The electric charging road has grown in fits and starts, with the initial trial stretch of 200 meters installed in 2012 then adding tens and hundreds of meters at a time to reach its current length of nearly 2 kilometers of electrified roadway (the situation today).

The consortium running the pilot, eRoad Arlanda, has partnered with PostNord, the first company to use the new electrified roads. In an exciting twist, Hans Säll, chief executive of the eRoadArlanda consortium, shared that he believes that both current electric vehicles and existing roadways could be modified to use the new format if the standard is adopted.

Looking to the future, there is a lot of work to do in order to bring dynamic conductive electric vehicle charging to reality in Sweden or anywhere else. Säll shared that,“If we electrify 20,000km of highways that will definitely be be enough. The distance between two highways is never more than 45km and electric cars can already travel that distance without needing to be recharged. Some believe it would be enough to electrify 5,000km.”

The utopian future is easy to talk about, but what about the cost? At an estimated cost of just €1000 per kilometer, the system is surprisingly cost effective, making the system a compelling option for eliminating transportation emissions in favor of low-range electric vehicles.

Will Sweden commit to the technology to kick transportation emissions to the curb? Time will tell, but the results from the initial pilot so far paint a compelling picture. Looking forward, the next milestone is whether or not the market will support purchasing or converting vehicles to start making use of the existing track.

Source: cleantechnica.com

Blenheim Palace to Phase Out Single Use Plastic

Foto: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Oxfordshire stately home Blenheim Palace has become the latest British attraction to announce plans to cut plastic waste on its grounds.

The 300-year old estate said on Friday it is phasing-out single use plastics by replacing plastic straws with paper ones, banning the sale of plastic water bottles and using china instead of paper cups in its cafes. Meanwhile, bin liners are now biodegradeable and disposable cutlery is compostable.

Blenheim Palace’s sustainability advisor Jacqueline Gibson said the estate was also sharing its plastic waste knowhow with other shops and organisations in the local area.

“We are working in partnership with Friends of the Earth Oxford and Sustainable Woodstock, to share best practice with other local shops and organisations to reduce single use plastic,” she said.

“In the past year we have provided environmental training to 82 per cent of staff, commissioned external consultants to host a Waste Workshop for senior teams, and standardised the way waste is segregated and stored for recycling across all offices and work areas,” she added.

The drive to eliminate single-use plastics forms part of Blenheim’s Palace’s wider sustainability strategy, which includes a target to become a net producer of renewable energy over the next decade via its solar array, hydro-powered cylinder and two biomass boilers.

Source: businessgreen.com

Plastic Bag Bans Actually Work, Study of European Waters Shows

Photo: Pixabay

If you ever feel like the world’s plastic nightmare might never end, a new study shows proof that plastic pollution legislation actually works.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

There are significantly fewer plastic bags on the seafloor ever since a number of European countries introduced fees on the items, according to a 25-year study from the UK government’s Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS).

Researchers found an estimated 30 percent drop in the number of plastic bags in waters around Norway, Germany, northern France and Ireland.

“It is encouraging to see that efforts by all of society, whether the public, industry, NGOs or government to reduce plastic bags are having an effect,” Thomas Maes, Marine Litter Scientist at CEFAS, said in a statement.

“We observed sharp declines in the percentage of plastic bags as captured by fishing nets trawling the seafloor around the UK compared to 2010 and this research suggests that by working together we can reduce, reuse and recycle to tackle the marine litter problem.”

Ireland and Denmark were the first two countries to introduce levies for single-use plastic bags in 2003. A number of European countries followed. In 2015, England became the last country in the UK to introduce a fee.

The study, published in the journal Science of The Total Environment, was based on 39 independent scientific surveys of the distribution and abundance of marine litter on seabeds of the North Sea, English Channel, Celtic Sea and Irish Sea between 1992 and 2017.

Plastic trash such as bags, bottles and fishing debris were commonly observed over the entire 25-year period, with 63 percent of the 2,461 trawls containing at least one plastic litter item.

In a statement, Richard Harrington from the Marine Conservation Society said the decrease in the number of plastic bags recorded in the surveys is “very encouraging.”

“It shows that fiscal measures can work—charging for what was once a free item, often used just once and thrown away, has had a real influence on consumer behavior without genuinely hurting people in the pocket,” Harrington said.

However, even though fewer plastic bags were recorded, the researchers found widespread distribution of other plastic items on the seafloor. They also noted a significant upward trend of fishing debris.

This means plastic bag legislation is merely a start in reducing the 8 million tons of plastic waste that gets dumped into our oceans every year.

As WWF UK tweeted, “Great to see less plastic bags in our oceans, but we need the government to put an end to the use of all avoidable single-use plastic by 2025.”

In March, the UK government released a startling report warning that plastic pollution in the world’s oceans is projected to increase three-fold within seven years unless action is taken.

The Future of the Sea report found that human beings across the globe produce more than 300 million metric tons of plastic per year. Unfortunately, a lot of that material ends up in our waters, with the total amount of plastic debris in the sea predicted to increase from 50 million metric tons in 2015 to 150 million metric tons by 2025.

To solve this plastic epidemic, the authors suggested solutions that range from preventing plastic from entering the sea, introducing new biodegradable plastics, and campaigns that raise public awareness about marine protection.

Source: Eco Watch

New Satellite Could Help Rat Out Methane Polluters

Photo: Pixabay

As greenhouse gases go, methane is a heavy hitter – one with a heat-trapping ability 25 times that of carbon dioxide (CO2) over the course of a century. As the second-most abundant greenhouse gas after CO2, slowing methane emissions could make a huge difference in limiting the effects of climate change. The Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) has decided the best way to do this is to play a little “I Spy.”

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The EDF will launch a satellite in the next three years that specifically seeks out methane leaks from the atmosphere, NPR reports. These leaks can be human-caused (often from oil and gas operations), come from natural wetlands, or arise as the – er – byproducts of cows. These emissions can be difficult to track sans-satellites, as the gas spreads as it rises, making ground and air measurements patchy.

Experts also told NPR that on-the-ground inspections of oil and gas operations may fail to detect these leaks because companies hide them before arranged inspections.

The question that remains is: will this satellite really deliver more information than existing detection methods? Satellites currently in the atmosphere can measure methane, but the picture they paint is blurry, making it harder to find sources of the gas. The MethaneSAT, as it’s to be called, won’t necessarily be high-resolution enough to pinpoint an individual farm or oil well that’s leaking. However the EDF says that its  ability to track methane over time could help lead inspectors to the right place.

Meanwhile, here on the ground, individuals and organizations could make an even bigger difference by cutting methane off at the source. Perhaps surprisingly, fermentation in the stomachs of agriculture animals makes up the biggest chunk of methane emissions in the world (29 percent), closely followed by oil and gas (20 percent).

While reducing our dependency on fossil fuels plays a huge role in cutting methane pollution, we’re going to have to get a little more creative when it comes to reducing agricultural sources. Scientists are fiddling with cows’ diets to see if different foodstuff could make cow flatulence a little less heat-trapping, and even hacking their gut bacteria.

Of course, there is also the option of simply eating less meat. But that’s another story.

Source: Futurism

World’s First Road That Recharges Vehicles While Driving Opens in Sweden

Photo: VTI Sweden
Photo: NCC, Joakim Kröger

Sweden inaugurated on Wednesday the first road of its kind that can recharge commercial and passenger car batteries while driving.

The eRoadArlanda project consists of 2 kilometers (1.2 miles) of electric rail installed on a public road outside Arlanda Airport. The innovation was funded by the Swedish Transport Administration and is part of the government’s goal of fossil fuel-free transportation infrastructure by 2030.

According to the project website, the road works by transferring energy from an electrified rail to a movable arm attached underneath the vehicle. The arm is able to detect and lower onto the electrified section when the vehicle drives above it.

The road is divided into 50-meter sections, with each section supplying power only when a vehicle is above it. When the vehicle stops, the current is disconnected. The system is also able to calculate the vehicle’s energy consumption, which enables electricity costs to be debited per vehicle and user.

 A diesel-turned-electric truck owned by logistics firm PostNord is the first to use the road. Over the next 12 months, the truck will stay juiced as it shuttles deliveries between Arlanda Airport and its distribution center 12 kilometers away, The Local reported.

“Everything is 100 percent automatic, based on the connector magnetically sensing the road,” Hans Säll, chairman of the eRoadArlanda consortium and business development director at construction firm NCC, told The Local. “As a driver you drive as usual, the connector goes down onto the track automatically and if you leave the track, it goes up automatically.”

Photo: VTI Sweden

The developers claim that electrified roads can cut fossil fuel emissions by 80 to 90 percent. According to the project website, “operating costs will be minimal, due to significant reductions in energy consumption arising from the use of efficient electric engines. Electricity is also a cleaner, quieter and less expensive source of energy, compared with diesel.”

Säll told the Guardian, “If we electrify 20,000 kilometers of highways that will definitely be be enough.”

“The distance between two highways is never more than 45 kilometers and electric cars can already travel that distance without needing to be recharged. Some believe it would be enough to electrify 5,000 kilometers,” he added.

 According to the Guardian, electrification will cost about €1 million ($1.23 million) per kilometer, which is said to be 50 times lower than the cost of building an urban tram line.

“One of the most important issues of our time is the question of how to make fossil-free road transportation a reality,” Säll said in a statement. “We now have a solution that will make this possible, which is amazing. Sweden is at the cutting edge of this technology, which we now hope to introduce in other areas of the country and the world.”

Source: Eco Watch

Old Electronics Could Be More Profitable Than Literal Gold Mines

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Forget panning for gold or extracting copper ore. A new study shows that recovering metals from discarded electronics, a process known as urban mining, is far less expensive than mining them the traditional way.

If you’re reading this, you’re part of one of our planet’s biggest problems: e-waste. Eventually, your smartphone slows down or you simply give in to the hype and decide it’s time to upgrade. You may forget all about your discarded device the minute you get your hands on its shiny new replacement, but the planet won’t.

In 2016 alone, the world discarded 44.7 million metric tons of unusable or simply unwanted electronics, according to the United Nations’ 2017 Global E-Waste Monitor report. That’s 4,500 Eiffel Towers-worth of phones, laptops, microwaves, and TVs. Only 20 percent of this e-waste was properly recycled that year. The rest was likely either incinerated, pumping pollution into the atmosphere, or added to a landfill somewhere, with its toxins now leaking into our soil and water supply.

So. Simply trashing our electronics is bad for the environment, but that’s clearly not enough to prevent the practice. What may be enough, though, is the news that those discarded electronics could be a literal gold mine.

Of course, we already knew electronics contain precious metals in addition to all that glass and plastic. While a single smartphone might not contain all that much, consumers buy about 1.7 billion of the devices each year. In just one million of those, you’ll find roughly 75 pounds of gold, 35,000 pounds of copper, and 772 pounds of silver.

It all adds up. But according to a press release from the American Chemical Society, no one was quite sure whether mining it was economically worthwhile.

To clear up that issue, a trio of researchers from Beijing’s Tsinghua University and Sydney’s Macquarie University conducted a study, the results of which are now published in the journal Environmental Science and Technology.

First, the researchers collected data from eight recycling companies in China. They calculated all the costs associated with mining gold and copper from recycled television sets – from gathering the e-waste to paying for the equipment and buildings needed to recycle it.

After they figured that out, they factored in government subsidies and the money the companies could make selling the various components into the equation. Lastly, the researchers compared the total cost of this urban mining to that of ore mining and concluded that ore mining was 13 times more expensive.

Of course, not every nation has the same subsidies as China, nor will all the costs of recycling be the same everywhere. However, China is the world’s largest producer of e-waste, according to the UN report. If companies in that nation see they can make money by mining metals from e-waste, it could have a big impact on the overall problem.

Maybe more Chinese companies get into the business of urban mining. Perhaps companies in other nations start looking into the practice. Or maybe, just maybe, you’ll think twice about what to do with your lame old smartphone once you get your hands on its replacement.

Source: Futurism

Climate Change Could Set Off Volcanoes

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

We can add volcanic eruptions to the list of potential climate change hazards.

In a presentation at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly held from April 8 to 13, University of Clermont Auvergne Ph.D. student Gioachino Roberti explained research indicating that melting glaciers could trigger eruptions, the Independent reported Wednesday.

According to Roberti, glaciers give mountains stability. When they melt, that stability goes with them, leading to collapses and landslides. And lack of stability means trouble for anyone living under a volcano.

Volcanoes are a pressurised system and if you remove pressure by ice melting and landslide, you have a problem,” Roberti told the Independent.

Roberti’s presentation focused on a case study of Mount Meager in British Columbia, Canada. The volcano saw the largest landslide in Canadian history on its south side in 2010. By 2016, volcanic gases formed ice caves in the glacier, the first time that had ever happened on the mountain.

The researchers used mathematical models to conclude that another landslide could impact the magmatic plumbing of the mountain enough to trigger an eruption.

Roberti told the Independent that this is most likely an impact of climate change.

“We see a correlation between high temperature, ice melting and landslides,” Roberti said.

If climate change does trigger more eruptions, it might offer some relief for global temperatures. According to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), volcanic eruptions release sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, which leads to global cooling by converting into sulfuric acid, which condenses and forms sulfate aerosols that reflect sulfate radiation back into space. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 cooled the planet for three years, decreasing temperatures by as much as 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit during its peak.

A National Center for Atmospheric Research study published in 2017 found that global warming could mean that future eruptions have a more severe climate impact, leading to greater cooling than before, but not enough to offset global warming.

The USGS points out that volcanoes also release carbon dioxide, and in the deep past it is possible that massive eruptions did trigger global warming. However, today the carbon impact of volcanoes is minimal next to human impacts. The 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens emitted 10 million tons of carbon dioxide in nine hours; humans routinely emit the same amount in 2.5 hours.

Ice-capped volcanoes aren’t the only ones vulnerable to climate change. Open University researcher Dr. David McGarvie said he didn’t think there was enough evidence yet that glacier loss would trigger eruptions, but he told the Independent that climate change had historically impacted ice-buried volcanoes in Antarctica and Iceland.

“There is more and better evidence across Iceland that when the ice sheet underwent major reduction at the end of the last glacial period, there was a large increase in both the frequency and volume of basalt erupted—with some estimates being 30 times higher than the present day,” he said, though he said current ice melting was not at the same scale.

Source: ecowatch.com

Renewable Energy Meets 100% Of Portugal’s March Electricity Needs

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

According to new numbers published earlier this month, Portugal’s renewable energy production in March exceeded the country’s electricity consumption for the month, a record not seen in forty years.

Earlier this month the Portuguese Renewable Energy Association, APREN, alongside ZERO, Portugal’s Sustainable Earth System Association, highlighted data from Redes Energéticas Nacionais (REN), the country’s transmission system operator (TSO), that showed electricity produced from renewable energy sources in March exceeded the consumption of mainland Portugal, reaching 4,467 gigawatt-hours (GWh) for the month, or 103.6% of consumption.

This does not mean that the country was consistently run on renewable energy during March — most countries do not rely so heavily on renewable energy that they presume they won’t need excess sources of electricity generation, or that renewable energy will generate consistently 100% of the time. Accordingly, thermal fossil fuel power plants and/or imports were required to complement the country’s electricity supply at times, but these periods were fully compensated by renewable energy generation in other times.

Specifically, therefore, Portugal’s supply of renewable energy accounted for a minimum daily share of 86% on March 7, and a maximum of 143% on March 11. Hydroelectricity and wind energy accounted for the lion’s share of renewable energy production, with 55% and 42% respectively.

Another bright point from March was the role renewable energy had in lowering the average daily wholesale market price for electricity, which came in at €39.75 per megawatt-hour (MWh), well down on the €43.94/MWh a year ago.

Source: cleantechnica.com

Solar Smashes Wind In First German Technology Neutral Tender

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

As the expiry of the previous support scheme for renewable energy in Denmark resulted in a significant expansion with land based wind energy in 2017, we hold our breath to see how the annual technology neutral wind and solar tenders for 2018 and 2019 will pan out in the country. While we wait we can look to Germany and see what happened there at its first attempt.

According to Wind Power Monthly Germany’s first joint technology tender has been branded a “failure” by industry associations after only solar projects secured all of the capacity.

Germany’s Federal Network Agency (BNA) reports that in a 200 megawatt (MW) auction on February 18th, bids were made for wind power projects, with none of them being successful. Solar projects won the whole thing with 32 contracts at values ranging from €39.60/MWh to €57.60/MWh!

In a response to the auction results, the Federal Solar Industry Association (BSW-Solar) and the German Wind Energy Association (BWE) found the joint tenders as “unsuitable” for encouraging the build-out of the two technologies that would otherwise help stabilize the production of electricity from renewable energy.

To Wind Power Monthly BWE president Herman Albers states: “Pitting two most important pillars of our future energy system against each other is inefficient and not effective. Instead, we need an intelligent mix of the two technologies.”

His counterpart at BSW-Solar, Carsten Körnig, agrees: “We are happy for the many solar winners, but consider the experiment a failure. The auction results prove the excellent price-performance ratio of new solar power plants, but not the suitability of joint tenders.”

The BNA received bids totaling 395 MW for the 200 MW of available capacity, and Jochen Homann, the president of the BNA, agrees that a mix of different technologies is essential for the success of the energy revolution.

A couple of joint onshore wind and solar auctions are planned for each year in Germany between 2018 and 2021, after which the process will be evaluated.

Renewable energy expansion is certainly accelerating whereever you look, but it might be a good idea to coordinate the effort at the government level. While there is generally nothing wrong with having the lowest bidder win, there is a good point in encouraging overlapping technologies to play an equal role. If for nothing else, then at least until large-scale energy storage is feasible. Or — some might argue — until everything eventually goes off grid or micro-grid.

Here on CleanTechnica we often discuss whether solar or wind will win in the long run, but a pragmatic approach with currently available technologies would in any case be preferable in contrary to dirty power.

Source: cleantechnica.com

British Wind Farms Breeze Past Generation Records in First Quarter of 2018

Foto: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The first three months of 2018 saw record-breaking wind generation, according to new data released this week that underscores the increasing influence of renewable power in the UK electricity system.

Data from energy market monitoring firm EnAppSys shows wind farms in Britain set new half-hourly, daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly generation records over the last three months, with a total of 15.8TWh of wind energy generated through to the end of March.

The high yields propelled output from overall renewables to hit a record high of 25TWh, putting green power behind only gas as the largest generating source in Great Britain.

It continues a trend set during the final quarter of 2017, when wind and solar power generation overtook nuclear to become the UK’s second highest source of electricity for the first time ever.

“The performance of renewables highlights just how important this electricity source – and particularly wind – has become to Britain’s power mix,” said Paul Verrill, EnAppSys director. “With offshore wind farms a cheap and relatively uncontroversial source of power, levels of wind generation are expected to continue rising”.

In total gas provided 37.3 per cent of electricity in Q1 2018, followed by renewables at 29 per cent and nuclear at 18.1 per cent. Despite the cold snap dubbed the ‘Beast from the East’, coal-fired power stations delivered a record low of just 9.4 per cent of UK power, while 6.3 per cent came from electricity imports.

Verrill said wind generation will be boosted even further by the completion of the Western Link interconnector later this year. The cable will move power from Scotland into England, helping to ease constraints on output from Scottish wind farms, he said.

Data from WWF Scotland revealed last week that Scottish wind farms produced 44 per cent more power this last quarter compared to the same period last year.

“Much of the onshore wind farm capacity within Britain is based in Scotland but there are relatively limited levels of export capacity down into the rest of Britain through northern England,” Verrill explained. “The Western Link will move power from Scotland into England and this will reduce the likelihood of wind farms being paid to go offline due to transmission constraints.”

Source: businessgreen.com

New Zealand Bans New Offshore Oil and Gas exploration

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

New Zealand has announced a halt on any new oil and gas exploration in the country, in a surprise move hailed as “historic” development by environmental campaigners.

Although there are 31 oil and gas permits currently granted in New Zealand, no new permits will be granted in the future, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said today.

Ardern said the move is “an important step to address climate change and create a clean, green and sustainable future for New Zealand”.

“We must take this step as part of our package of measures to tackle climate change,” she added.

Ardern came to power in New Zealand last year on a platform promising to deliver net zero emissions in New Zealand by 2050, and to take strong action to combat climate change.

Over the past decade some of the world’s largest energy companies have searched for fossil fuel reserves off the coast of New Zealand.

While in recent years the country’s economic reliance on oil has dipped, the unilateral move to outlaw new exploration took industry by surprise today, with one of the country’s main energy firms, New Zealand Oil & Gas, complaining the “sudden” change came without consultation.

But green groups cheered the blanket ban on new licenses. Greenpeace New Zealand executive director Dr Russel Norman said the country was “ending the age of oil”.

“Just as New Zealand did in 1987 when it went nuclear-free and stood up to the powerful US military, this has shown bold global leadership on the greatest challenge of our time – putting people ahead of the interests of oil corporations and the hunt for fossil fuels that are driving dangerous climate change,” he said.

Source: businessgreen.com